“三月堕世网矣”:醇亲王奕譞与甲申易枢  

"Caught by Worldly Affairs in March":Prince Chun and the 1883 Coup

作　　者：徐笑运 XU Xiaoyun

机构地区：[1]南京晓庄学院,211171

出　　处：《历史教学问题》2025年第1期37-45,201,共10页History Research And Teaching

基　　金：江苏高校哲学社会科学研究一般项目(2024SJYB0406)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：甲申易枢是慈禧太后联络醇亲王奕譞、发动罢黜恭亲王奕诉等人的政变。学界主流观点将醇王塑造成蓄谋打压恭王、献媚慈禧的负面形象,但重审政变前后朝局、反观醇王举止,结合恭醇关系等内容分析发现:慈禧对恭王不满是甲申易枢根本原因,恭王领导军机处应对中法越事长期因循无为,表现令人失望,慈禧就此敲定“罢恭”计划,积极秘联醇王商议部署。醇王事先虽无“倒恭”之心,但却甘愿配合,这固然与他一贯听命慈禧的自处原则有关,更是为赶在光绪帝亲政前了结越事、收拾出像样局面,同时弥补自己因亲子继统而几乎被闲废的遗憾。恭醇关系并非如后人演绎的恶劣,二王公私分明、私交尤其亲厚,政变后的醇王对恭王更加相敬相惜。The 1883 Coop was a political upheaval orchestrated by Empress Dowager Cixi in collaboration with Prince Chun(Yixuan),aimed at deposing Prince Gong(Yixin) and others.The mainstream academic view portrays Prince Chun as a negative figure who deliberately sought to suppress Prince Gong and ingratiate himself with Empress Dowager Cixi.However,a reexamination of the political situation before and after the coup,along with an analysis of Prince Chun's behavior and the relationship between him and Prince Gong,reveals the following:Empress Dowager Cixi's dissatisfaction with Prince Gong was the root cause of the 1883 Coup.Prince Gong,as the leader of the Grand Council,had responded to the Sino-French conflict in Vietnam with long-term inertia and ineffectiveness,displaying a disappointing performance.Empress Dowager Cixi thereby finalized the plan to "depose Prince Gong" and actively and secretly contacted Prince Chun to discuss and deploy the strategy.Although Prince Chun had no intention of "toppling Prince Gong" beforehand,he was willing to cooperate.This was not only due to his longstanding principle of obeying Empress Dowager Cixi but also his desire to resolve the Vietnam issue and create a decent situation before Emperor Guangxu took over the reins of government,while also making up for the regret of being almost sidelined because his son succeeded to the throne.The relationship between Prince Gong and Prince Chun was not as acrimonious as later generations have portrayed;the two princes were clear about public and private matters,and their personal relationship was particularly close.After the coup,Prince Chun held even greater respect and appreciation for Prince Gong.

关 键 词：甲申易枢 醇亲王奕譞 醇王 恭亲王奕诉 

分 类 号：K25[历史地理—历史学]