西沃德与美国“柯林斯洲际电报项目”入华——19世纪技术帝国主义的个案分析  

Seward and the Entry of the U.S."Collins Intercontinental Telegraph Project" into China

作　　者：朱卫斌[1] 章晓倩 ZHU Weibin;ZHANG Xiaoqian

机构地区：[1]中山大学历史学系,510275

出　　处：《历史教学问题》2025年第1期76-84,202,共10页History Research And Teaching

摘　　要：柯林斯洲际电报项目是美国对华电信扩张的初次尝试,其核心推动力源于国务卿西沃德的亚太扩张构想和对电报技术的高度重视。项目推进过程中,西沃德通过政治与外交协调推动提案审批,并积极推动中国延伸线路的落地,即便在项目终止后仍倡导电报入华。该项目成为19世纪技术帝国主义的典型案例,美国政府将电报技术作为对华扩张的重要工具,西沃德与商人柯林斯的合作则体现了政府与企业紧密协作的运作模式。项目展现了美国在商业发展、地缘政治扩张与文化传播中的多重动因。尽管该项目未能实现预期目标,但其间接成果显著,为美国早期对华政策与全球扩张战略奠定了基础。The "Collins Intercontinental Telegraph Project" was the first attempt by the United States to expand its telecommunication presence in China,driven primarily by Secretary of State Seward's vision of Asia-Pacific expansion and his high regard for telegraph technology.In the process of advancing the project,Seward facilitated the approval of the proposal through political and diplomatic coordination,and actively promoted the implementation of the China extension line.Even after the project's termination,he continued to advocate for the introduction of telegraph to China.This project became a typical example of the 19th-century technological imperialism,with the U.S.government utilizing telegraph technology as a crucial tool for its expansion in China.The collaboration between Seward and businessman Collins exemplified a mode of operation where the government and private enterprises worked closely together.The project showcased multiple motivations for the United States in terms of commercial development,geopolitical expansion,and cultural dissemination.Although the project did not achieve its intended goals,its indirect outcomes were significant,laying the foundation for the U.S.early policies towards China and its global expansion strategy.

关 键 词：柯林斯洲际电报 西沃德 美国对华电信扩张 技术帝国主义 

分 类 号：F42[经济管理—产业经济]