全球史视野下古柯的传播与早期可卡因商品链的形成  

The Spread of Coca and the Formation of the Early Cocaine Commodity Chain from a Global Historical Perspective

作　　者：刘颢 LIU Hao

机构地区：[1]南开大学历史学院,300350

出　　处：《历史教学问题》2025年第1期107-114,203,共9页History Research And Teaching

基　　金：教育部人文社科研究基地重大课题“独立以来拉美主要国家的社会转型”(19JJD770007)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：古柯是南美洲安第斯山区的传统种植作物,因在宗教仪式和医疗领域中的使用被誉为“神圣之叶”,是安第斯土著文化的象征。在古柯从美洲向外传播的过程中,可卡因的发现起到加速推动作用,同时也为其合法性带来巨大争议。20世纪初国际社会将古柯、可卡因定义为毒品,相关生产、流通和消费属于违法犯罪活动,但这一禁令直到二战后才正式生效。古柯从充满希望的现代出口商品沦为毒品生产原材料,是科学知识、经济利益、政治权力全球流动的结果,在这一过程中,西方人主导了对古柯的崇拜与污名化,作为古柯原产地的美洲反而失去了对古柯的话语权。Coca is a traditional crop grown in the Andes of South America.It is known as the "sacred leaf" because of its use in religious ceremonies and in medicine,and is a symbol of Andean indigenous culture.The discovery of cocaine not only accelerated the spread of coca from America,but also brought great controversy over its legality.At the beginning of the 20th century,the international community defined coca and cocaine as drugs,and their production,circulation and consumption as criminal activities.However,this ban did not come into effect until after World War Ⅱ.Coca's transformation from a promising modern export commodity to a raw material for drug production was the result of the global flow of scientific knowledge,economic interests and political power.In this process,Westerners dominated the worship and stigmatization of coca,and America,as the birthplace of coca,lost its right to speak on the matter.

关 键 词：古柯 可卡因 传播 全球商品链 

分 类 号：D92[政治法律—法学]