数据主权视角下数据跨境流动规制路径探索  

Regulation of Data Cross-border Flow from the Perspective of Data Sovereignty

作　　者：张云蔚 郭德忠[1] ZHANG Yunwei;GUO Dezhong(School of Law,Beijing Institute of Technology,Beijing 100081,China)

机构地区：[1]北京理工大学法学院,北京100081

出　　处：《湖南人文科技学院学报》2025年第2期15-21,共7页Journal of Hunan University of Humanities,Science and Technology

基　　金：国家社科基金项目“国家安全视角下专利国家使用制度构建研究”(24BFX088)。

摘　　要：在全球数字化浪潮中,各国试图在捍卫数据主权与推动数据跨境流动之间寻找平衡。尽管部分国际协议对数据跨境流动及其例外情况形成了基本规制框架,但数据跨境流动规制设定的复杂性和各国规制之间存在差异化,使数据跨境流动仍面临法律冲突、合规风险以及国内规则与国际规则衔接的难题。目前,国际上主要形成了三种典型规制模式:以保障数据自由流动为主导的美国模式、以保护数据权利为核心的欧盟模式和以数据本地化为核心的俄罗斯模式。我国应始终坚持总体国家安全观,探索并构建以数据风险防范为核心的数据跨境流动规制新模式,在确保数据安全的前提下完善数据自由流动规则。The countries are seeking a balance between defending their data sovereignty and promoting the free cross-border flow of data in the current wave of global digitalization.Although some international agreements have formed basic regulatory frameworks for the principles and exceptions of cross-border data flow,the complexity of regulations,the existing differences of regulatory rules and the poor connection with international rules constitute the realistic dilemma faced by countries.At present,the situation abroad is not entirely consistent,with three main regulatory models:American model with the guarantee of the free flow of data as the leading factor,EU model with the protection of data rights as the core and Russian model with data localization as the core.China should consistently adhere to the fundamental principles of the holistic approach to national security.Based on this,we should explore and construct a new model for regulating cross-border data flow,with a focus on data risk prevention.This will facilitate the improvement of rules for the free flow of data,while ensuring data security.

关 键 词：数据主权 数据跨境流动 数据本地化 数据流动治理 

分 类 号：D922.17[政治法律—宪法学与行政法学]