Enhancing Piezoelectric Output via Constrained Phase Separation on Single Nanofibers:Harnessing Endogenous Triboelectricity  

单纤维表面限域相分离增强内源性摩擦以提高压电输出

作　　者：YU Dingming LIU Lifang YU Jianyong SI Yang DING Bin 俞丁铭;刘丽芳;俞建勇;斯阳;丁彬(东华大学纺织学院,上海201620;东华大学纺织科技创新中心,上海201620)

机构地区：[1]College of Textiles,Donghua University,Shanghai 201620,China [2]Innovation Center for Textile Science and Technology,Donghua University,Shanghai 201620,China

出　　处：《Journal of Donghua University(English Edition)》2025年第1期12-19,共8页东华大学学报(英文版)

基　　金：National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52373281);National Energy-Saving and Low-Carbon Materials Production and Application Demonstration Platform Program,China(No.TC220H06N)。

摘　　要：The research,fabrication and development of piezoelectric nanofibrous materials offer effective solutions to the challenges related to energy consumption and non-renewable resources.However,enhancing their electrical output still remains a significant challenge.Here,a strategy of inducing constrained phase separation on single nanofibers via shear force was proposed.Employing electrospinning technology,a polyacrylonitrile/polyvinylidene difluoride(PAN/PVDF)nanofibrous membrane was fabricated in one step,which enabled simultaneous piezoelectric and triboelectric conversion within a single-layer membrane.Each nanofiber contained independent components of PAN and PVDF and exhibited a rough surface.The abundant frictional contact points formed between these heterogeneous components contributed to an enhanced endogenous triboelectric output,showcasing an excellent synergistic effect of piezoelectric and triboelectric response in the nanofibrous membrane.Additionally,the component mass ratio influenced the microstructure,piezoelectric conformation and piezoelectric performance of the PAN/PVDF nanofibrous membranes.Through comprehensive performance comparison,the optimal mass ratio of PAN to PVDF was determined to be 9∶1.The piezoelectric devices made of the optimal PAN/PVDF nanofibrous membranes with rough nanofiber surfaces generated an output voltage of 20 V,which was about 1.8 times that of the smooth one at the same component mass ratio.The strategy of constrained phase separation on the surface of individual nanofibers provides a new approach to enhance the output performance of single-layer piezoelectric nanofibrous materials.压电纳米纤维材料的研究、制造和发展可有效破解能源消耗和不可再生的难题,然而提高压电纳米纤维材料电力输出仍然存在重大挑战。为此,提出了剪切力诱导单纤维表面限域相分离的策略,利用静电纺丝技术一步制备出聚丙烯腈/聚偏氟乙烯(PAN/PVDF)纳米纤维膜,实现在单层纤维膜内同时进行压电和摩擦电转换。其单纤维内同时含有相对独立的PAN和PVDF两种组分且表面粗糙,形成的大量异相组分间摩擦接触点大幅提升了材料的内源性摩擦电输出,使纤维膜表现出优异的压电和摩擦电协同效应。此外,纳米纤维中两种组分的比例对纤维的微观形貌、聚合物压电构象和纤维膜的压电性能均产生一定的影响。通过综合性能对比得到PAN和PVDF的最佳质量比为9∶1。由PAN与PVDF质量比为9∶1且纤维表面粗糙的PAN/PVDF纳米纤维膜制成的压电装置可以产生高达20 V的峰值输出电压,约为聚合物组分比例相同但纤维表面光滑的PAN/PVDF纳米纤维膜制成的压电装置的1.8倍。所采用的单纤维表面限域相分离策略为提高单层压电纳米纤维材料的输出性能提供了新的思路。

关 键 词：nanofibrous membrane constrained phase separation endogenous triboelectric effect dual-component piezoelectric property 

分 类 号：TS171[轻工技术与工程—纺织材料与纺织品设计]