具有良好综合性能的Fe_(3)CoNiCuCr_(x)中熵阻尼合金分析  

Analysis on Fe 3CoNiCuCr x medium-entropy damping alloys with excellent comprehensive properties

作　　者：耿宁宁[1] 马玉琪 周迎春 王洪鼎 张伟[1] 邱克强[1] GENG Ningning;MA Yuqi;ZHOU Yingchun;WANG Hongding;ZHANG Wei;QIU Keqiang(School of Materials Science and Engineering,Shenyang University of Technology,Shenyang 110870,Liaoning,China;College of Chemical Engineering and Technology,Yantai Nanshan University,Yantai 265700,Shandong,China)

机构地区：[1]沈阳工业大学材料科学与工程学院,辽宁沈阳110870 [2]烟台南山学院化学工程与技术学院,山东烟台265700

出　　处：《沈阳工业大学学报》2025年第2期205-213,共9页Journal of Shenyang University of Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金辽宁省联合基金项目(U1908219);辽宁省自然科学资金项目(2020-KF-14-03)。

摘　　要：【目的】近年来,科技的发展和进步给人们的生产、生活带来了许多便利,但潜在的危害(如振动、噪声等)也因此产生。振动的产生会加剧零件的损坏,噪声的出现会危害人们的身体健康。为了应对这一问题,能够吸收振动能量的阻尼合金逐渐进入人们的视野。然而,传统阻尼合金阻尼机制较为单一且力学性能较差,无法满足多样化的实际应用。因此,亟需开发一种兼顾二者的新型材料,多主元合金的出现使得该设想成为了可能,其独特结构使得合金可以兼具较好的力学性能和阻尼性能,研究多主元合金的组织与阻尼性能之间的联系具有重要意义。【方法】为了获得具有良好阻尼性能兼具优异力学性能的合金,利用电弧熔炼炉和真空感应炉制备了Fe_(3)CoNiCuCr_(x)(x=2.0,2.5,2.75,3.0,3.5)中熵合金。利用X射线衍射(XRD)和透射电子显微镜(TEM)对合金的相结构进行分析,利用搭载电子背散射衍射(EBSD)探头的扫描电子显微镜(SEM)对合金的组织、相分布和相体积分数等进行表征,利用万能力学实验机对合金的抗拉性能进行测试,利用动态机械分析仪对合金的阻尼性能进行测试。通过提高Cr元素的摩尔比,研究了Cr元素摩尔比的变化对合金的相组成和阻尼性能的影响。【结果】随着Cr元素摩尔比的增大,合金由FCC相转变为FCC和BCC双相结构,双相结构的产生使得合金中的相发生竞争生长,从而降低了合金的平均晶粒尺寸;合金的抗拉强度由329 MPa升高到779 MPa;合金的塑性发生恶化,其塑性应变由35.45%降低到1.72%;当Cr元素摩尔比达到3.0时,合金的阻尼性能指标达到最大值0.052。随着Cr元素摩尔比的增大,合金中BCC相的体积分数逐渐升高,不仅提高了合金的抗拉强度,还提高了合金的铁磁阻尼性能。FCC和BCC相的体积分数与组织形貌的良好匹配提高了合金的界面阻尼性能,且合金中较软的FCC相嵌入较�[Objective]In recent years,the development and progress of science and technology has brought many conveniences to people′s production and lives,whereas potential hazards(such as vibration and noise)have also arisen.The generation of vibration aggravates the damage of parts,and the emergence of noise endangers people′s health.To deal with these problems,damping alloys that can absorb vibration energy have gradually garnered people′s attention.However,traditional damping alloys have a single damping mechanism and poor mechanical performance,failing to realize a variety of practical applications.Therefore,it is urgent to develop a new material that takes into account both.The emergence of multi-principal-element alloys makes the idea possible.The unique construction makes the alloys have good mechanical properties and damping properties.Therefore,it is of great significance to study the relationship between the microstructure and damping properties of multi-principal-element alloys.[Methods]To realize good damping properties and excellent mechanical properties of alloys,Fe_(3)CoNiCuCr_(x)(x=2.0,2.5,2.75,3.0,3.5)medium-entropy alloys were prepared by an arc melting furnace and a vacuum induction furnace.The phase structures of the alloys were studied by X-ray diffraction(XRD)and transmission electron microscopy(TEM).The microstructure,phase distribution,and phase volume fraction of the alloys were characterized by a scanning electron microscope equipped with an electron backscatter diffraction(EBSD)probe.The tensile properties of the alloys were tested by a universal mechanical testing machine,and the damping properties of the alloys were tested by a dynamic mechanical analyzer.The effects of the variation of the Cr molar ratio on the phase composition and damping properties of the alloys were studied by increasing the molar ratio of the Cr element.[Results]The phase composition of the alloys changes from the face-centered cubic(FCC)phase to the FCC phase and the body-centered cubic(BCC)phase with the increase

关 键 词：中熵合金 相组成 微观组织 阻尼能力 铁磁阻尼 界面阻尼 BCC相体积分数 抗拉性能 

分 类 号：TG174.4[金属学及工艺—金属表面处理]