广州话形容词性惯用语的结构及级范畴分析  

Analysis of Structural and Gradability Features of Adjective Idiomatic Expressions in Guangzhou Dialect

作　　者：赵梓汛 源国伟[2] 陈嘉慧 ZHAO Zixun;YUAN Guowei;CHEN Jiahui(School of Literature and Communication,Shaoguan University,Shaoguan 512005,Guangdong,China;School of Journalism and Communication,Guangzhou University,Guangzhou 510000,Guangdong,China;Education Center,Guangdong Radio and Television Station,Guangzhou 510000,Guangdong,China)

机构地区：[1]韶关学院文学与传媒学院,广东韶关512005 [2]广州大学新闻与传播学院,广东广州510000 [3]广东广播电视台教育中心,广东广州510000

出　　处：《韶关学院学报》2025年第1期68-73,共6页Journal of Shaoguan University

摘　　要：广州话方言色彩鲜明的惯用语,既有常见的三字格,也有四字格,后者容易被视为成语,但从特点上看,不具有全民性和书面语色彩,更应属惯用语。从核心语义和语法功能看,这些惯用语中有不少具有形容词性,它们的结构除常规的重叠、主谓、联合、补充等类型,还有特色的前述谓、偏正比况、主谓比较、前述谓并列、双主谓并列等类型。它们的核心理性意义有两类:一是性质状态,二是程度变化,后者又称为“级”范畴,可分为原级、弱级、强级、极级、比较级。同时,广州话中形容词性惯用语所表达的不同“级”范畴与其结构类型有着密切关联。The idiomatic expressions of Guangzhou dialect which has distinctive dialectal color,have both common three-characters and four-characters.The latter is easy to be regarded as idioms,but in terms of characteristics,it does not have the national character and written language color,and should be attribute them to idiomatic expressions.From the perspectives of core semantic and grammatical function,many of these idiomatic expressions have adjective features.Their structures include not only reduplication,subject-verb,union,supplement,etc.,but also aforementioned predicate,partial positive ratio condition,subject-verb comparison,above-mentioned predicate parallel,double subject-predicate parallel and so on.There are two categories of their core rational significance:one is the state of nature,the other is the degree change,the latter is also called gradability,which can be divided into“original level,weak level,strong level,polar level and comparative level”.At the same time,the different“level”categories expressed by the adjective idiomatic expressions in Guangzhou dialect are closely related to their structure types.

关 键 词：广州话 形容词 惯用语 结构类型 “级”范畴 

分 类 号：H07[语言文字—语言学]