质量控制在商标许可制度中的再定位--以《商标法》第五次修改(征求意见稿)为视角  

Reorientation of Quality Control in the Trademark Licensing System:From the Perspective of the Fifth Amendment to the Trademark Law(Draft for Comment)

作　　者：张传磊 Zhang Chuanlei

机构地区：[1]中国社会科学院大学法学院,北京102488

出　　处：《湖湘法学评论》2025年第1期89-103,共15页Huxiang Law Revie

摘　　要：长久以来,我国《商标法》质量控制条款只有义务规定而未设定相应的行政处罚。《中华人民共和国商标法修订草案(征求意见稿)》补充了相应的行政处罚,凸显了立法机关将质量控制作为公法义务的认知。但该补充与质量控制义务的功能定位相悖,也与弱化质量控制要求的世界主流立法趋势相悖。我国《商标法》中的“质量”与“品质保证功能”理论中的“品质”具有不同含义,不能用商标品质保证功能理论来证成规定质量控制义务及其违反责任的正当性,而且美国质量控制标准逐渐虚化的历史也表明质量控制条款已经“日薄西山”。随着商标财产理论的接受度日益提高,质量控制在商标许可中的定位问题应当被重新审视,应将其设定为商标权人的权利,以此强化商标权的私权属性,释放商标许可制度的活力,促进商标许可制度的发展。Quality control,a mandatory norm established by the PRC Trademark Law,has long lacked corresponding administrative penalties.The Revised Draft of the Trademark Law of the People’s Republic of China(Draft for Comments)supplement the corresponding administrative penalties,highlighting the legislative drafting body’s understanding of the obligation to control quality.However,this adjustment contradicts the functional positioning of quality control and goes against the global trend of diluting quality control requirements.The“quality”in China’s“Trademark Law”is not the same as“quality”in the theory of quality assurance functions,and the theory of trademark quality assurance functions cannot be used to justify the legitimacy of stipulating quality control obligations and the responsibility for illegal responsibilities.Moreover,the history of the gradual hollowing out of quality control standards in the United States also shows that quality control rules are“on the wane”.With the increasing acceptance of the trademark property theory,the role of quality control in trademark licensing should be re-evaluated.It should be established as a right of the trademark owner to strengthen the private property attribute of trademark rights,liberate the vitality of the trademark licensing system,and promote the development of the trademark licensing system.

关 键 词：商标 品质保证功能 质量控制 

分 类 号：D923.4[政治法律—民商法学]