营商环境优化、企业家精神与创业活跃度  

Business Environment Optimization,Entrepreneurship and Entrepreneurial Activity

作　　者：周小刚[1] 郭玉环 ZHOU Xiaogang;GUO Yuhuan(School of Economics and Management,East China Jiaotong University,Nanchang 330013,China)

机构地区：[1]华东交通大学经济管理学院,江西南昌330013

出　　处：《统计与信息论坛》2025年第4期101-114,共14页Journal of Statistics and Information

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目“数字经济时代人力资源服务业和先进制造业融合发展路径研究”(72263009);国家自然科学基金项目“人力资本服务企业竞争力演化和产业结构升级研究”(71863007);江西省高校人文社科项目“人力资源服务业数字化转型:动力机制、运行机理和发展路径研究”(GL23105)。

摘　　要：营商环境贯穿企业进入、生产经营和退出市场的全过程,是市场主体生存发展的风向标,决定着企业的成长性、活跃度、竞争力和成活率。良好的营商环境可以促进创新创业的发展,通过创新驱动新经济变革和引领经济高质量发展,从而推动经济增长和社会进步。因此,在分析营商环境优化对城市创业活跃度影响机理的基础上,利用2012—2022年中国284个地级及以上城市的平衡面板数据,通过构建多期双重差分模型、中介效应模型、门槛回归模型和空间杜宾模型,多角度实证探析营商环境优化对城市创业活跃度的影响机理及空间溢出效应。研究表明:(1)营商环境优化显著促进了城市创业活跃度的提升,这种促进作用在经过内生性检验和稳健性检验之后依然成立,并且促进作用具有非线性特征;(2)机制检验表明,营商环境优化有助于保护企业家知识产权,帮助初创企业获得启动资金和成长资金,提升企业家创新和创业精神,进而提高城市创业活跃度;(3)异质性分析表明,优化营商环境政策的创业效应在行政级别低、胡焕庸线西北侧城市以及人口规模中小城市更为显著;(4)营商环境的优化不仅能提升当地的创业活跃度,而且还会对周边城市的创业产生正向空间溢出效应。With the profound adjustment of economic structure and industrial transformation and upgrading,innovation and entrepreneurship have become an important engine to promote economic growth and enhance competitiveness.New quality productivity is constantly accumulating new momentum for China’s economic development.Developing new quality productivity is not only an internal demand to promote high-quality economic development,but also an important strategic measure for China to seize the commanding heights in the future global competition.The business environment runs through the whole process of enterprises’entry,production,operation and exit from the market.It is the vane of the survival and development of market players and determines the growth,activity,competitiveness and survival rate of enterprises.A good business environment can promote the development of innovation and entrepreneurship,drive new economic changes through innovation and lead high-quality economic development,so that promoting economic growth and social progress.However,there are few studies on the mechanism analysis of business environment optimization promoting urban entrepreneurial activity,and the corresponding empirical analysis is even less.Therefore,on the basis of analyzing the influence mechanism of business environment optimization on urban entrepreneurial activity,using the balanced panel data of 284 cities at the prefecture level in China from 2012 to 2022,multi-period difference-differences model,intermediary effect model,threshold regression model and spatial Durbin model are constructed.The influence mechanism and spatial spillover effect of business environment optimization on entrepreneurial activity of cities are analyzed from multiple perspectives.The results show that:the optimization of the business environment significantly promotes the improvement of urban entrepreneurial activity,and the effect is still valid through the endogeneity test and the robustness test,and the promotion effect has nonlinear characteristics;Mec

关 键 词：营商环境 创业活跃度 企业家精神 多期DID 空间溢出效应 

分 类 号：F062.6[经济管理—政治经济学]