农地流转中的农户土地权益保障:创新模式与实践逻辑  

Protection of Farmers Land Rights and Interests in Agricultural Land Transfer:Innovative Model and Practical Logic

作　　者：梁伟 LIANG Wei

机构地区：[1]北京工业大学社会学院/北京社会管理研究基地,北京100124

出　　处：《南京农业大学学报(社会科学版)》2025年第2期137-148,共12页Journal of Nanjing Agricultural University(Social Sciences Edition)

基　　金：国家社会科学基金青年项目“农户土地权益保障与二轮延包政策衔接的社会学研究”(24CSH129)。

摘　　要：农地流转需兼顾农地资源配置效率与农户土地权益保障。皖东T市的经验表明,村社自治型农地流转模式是保障农户土地权益的重要路径,该模式具有分散农户组织化、权利实践公共化和资源分配社区化的实践特征,形成了整体性的土地权益保障体系,包括农地整合的集体同意机制、经营主体筛选的村社本位机制和弹性地租的民主协商机制。村社自治型农地流转模式的关键在于其内含了农户土地权益保障的自主治理系统。首先,地方政府通过制度供给实现了对村集体的激活,为农户土地权益保障奠定了客观基础;其次,农户基于信任关系主动赋权村集体,促使村集体获得统筹与组织农户的权能;最后,农户以集体统筹为基础推动农地流转,同时开展土地权益的公共实践,实现了农地资源高效配置与农户土地权益保障的双重目标。在农地“三权分置”的背景下,村社自治型农地流转模式对于农地流转制度创新具有启示意义。The transfer of agricultural land should consider both the efficient allocation of agricultural land resources and the protection of farmers land rights.The experience of T City in eastern Anhui province illustrates that the autonomous mode of agricultural land transfer within rural communities is a vital means to safeguard farmers land rights and interests.This model exhibits practical traits such as decentralized farmer organizations,the exercise of public rights,and community-based resource allocation,culminating in a comprehensive land rights and interests protection system.It encompasses the collective agreement mechanism for agricultural land integration,the village-community based mechanism for the selection of management subjects,and the democratic consultation mechanism for flexible land rent arrangements.The essence of the rural land transfer model lies in its embedded autonomous governance system for the protection of farmers land rights and interests.Firstly,the local government energizes the village collective through institutional support,establishing the objective basis for the protection of farmers land rights and interests.Secondly,farmers proactively delegate authority to the village collective based on a relationship of trust,thereby empowering the collective to coordinate and organize the farmers efforts.Finally,farmers facilitate the transfer of agricultural land through collective planning,simultaneously engaging in the public practice of land rights and interests,thereby achieving the dual objectives of efficient allocation of agricultural land resources and the safeguarding of farmers land rights and interests.In the context of“the separation of the three rights,”the rural land transfer model of village community autonomy offers significant insights for innovating the rural land transfer system.

关 键 词：农地流转 自主治理 村集体 “三权分置” 

分 类 号：F301.3[经济管理—产业经济]