巨噬细胞在肺纤维化中的作用研究进展  

Function of macrophages in pulmonary fibrosis

作　　者：汪泽婷 蒋钰玉 王晓慧 项艳 刘星光 WANG Zeting;JIANG Yuyu;WANG Xiaohui;XIANG Yan;LIU Xingguang(National Key Laboratory of Immunity&Inflammation,Department of Pathogen Biology,Naval Medical University,Shanghai 200433,China)

机构地区：[1]海军军医大学免疫与炎症全国重点实验室,基础医学院病原生物学教研室,上海200433

出　　处：《中国免疫学杂志》2025年第3期513-521,共9页Chinese Journal of Immunology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(82271797)。

摘　　要：肺纤维化是一种慢性进展性肺实质病变,是多种间质性肺病的共同结局。尽管针对肺纤维化病因和发病机制的研究有了一定进展,但仅能达到缓解作用,难以治愈。肺巨噬细胞是肺泡组织中数量最多的固有免疫细胞,其功能失调与肺纤维化的发展密切相关,而且其在肺纤维化的不同阶段表现出高度的功能异质性和动态变化潜能。肺组织损伤早期的巨噬细胞主要介导炎症反应。然而,纤维化期的巨噬细胞可以转变为具有修复表型的巨噬细胞,分泌大量促纤维化介质,促进成纤维细胞的增殖和分化,在肺纤维化的病理恶化中具有重要意义。纤维化进程中肺部巨噬细胞的功能受多种机制调控,如表观遗传修饰、代谢重编程和信号通路调节等。严密的调控机制对于维持肺部稳态及调节损伤修复至关重要。本文就肺纤维化过程中巨噬细胞功能异质性及其调节机制进行阐述。Pulmonary fibrosis is a chronic progressive parenchymal lung lesion that is a common outcome of several interstitial lung diseases.Despite some progress in investigation of the etiology and pathogenesis of pulmonary fibrosis,it only achieves palliation and is difficult to cure.Lung macrophages are the most abundant innate immune cells in alveolar tissues,and there exists a great degree of heterogeneity and potential dynamic changes of lung macrophages at different stages of pulmonary fibrosis,whose dysfunction is closely related to the development of pulmonary fibrosis.Macrophages in the early stage of lung tissue injury mainly mediate the inflammatory response.However,in the fibrotic stage,macrophages would be transformed into macrophages with a reparative phenotype that secrete large amounts of pro-fibrotic mediators and promote the proliferation and differentiation of fibroblasts,contributing to the progression and deterioration of pulmonary fibrosis.The function of lung macrophages during fibrosis is regulated by a variety of mechanisms,including epigenetic modifications,metabolic reprogramming,and regulation of complex signaling pathways,etc.Strict functional regulation is critical for maintaining lung homeostasis and regulating injury repair.In this review,we will describe the heterogeneity of macrophage and the underlying regulatory mechanisms during pulmonary fibrosis.

关 键 词：巨噬细胞 肺纤维化 代谢 表观遗传调控 

分 类 号：R392.12[医药卫生—免疫学]