Superradiant growth anomaly magnification in evolution of vector bosonic condensates bounded by a Kerr black hole with near-horizon reflection  

作　　者：Nayun Jia Yin-Da Guo Gui-Rong Liang Zhan-Feng Mai Xin Zhang 

机构地区：[1]Department of Physics,Southern University of Science and Technology,Shenzhen 518055,China [2]Key Laboratory of Cosmology and Astrophysics(Liaoning)&College of Sciences,Northeastern University,Shenyang 110819,China [3]Institute of Frontier and Interdisciplinary Science,Key Laboratory of Particle Physics and Particle Irradiation(Ministry of Education),Shandong University,Qingdao 266237,China [4]School of Materials Science and Physics,China University of Mining and Technology,Xuzhou 221116,China [5]Kavli Institute for Astronomy and Astrophysics,Peking University,Beijing 100871,China [6]Guangxi Key Laboratory for Relativistic Astrophysics,School of Physical Science and Technology,Guangxi University,Nanning 530004,China [7]Key Laboratory of Data Analytics and Optimization for Smart Industry(Ministry of Education),Northeastern University,Shenyang 110819,China [8]National Frontiers Science Center for Industrial Intelligence and Systems Optimization,Northeastern University,Shenyang 110819,China

出　　处：《Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy)》2025年第4期62-81,共20页中国科学:物理学、力学、天文学(英文版)

基　　金：supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.12147163,and 12175099);supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.12075136);supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.12247128);supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.11975072,11835009,and 12473001);supported by Jiangsu Funding Program for Excellent Postdoctoral Talent;the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province(Grant No.ZR2020MA094);the National SKA Program of China(Grant Nos.2022SKA0110200,and 2022SKA0110203);the 111 Project(Grant No.B16009)。

摘　　要：Ultralight vector particles can form evolving condensates around a Kerr black hole(BH)due to superradiant instability.We study the effect of near-horizon reflection on the evolution of this system:by matching three pieces of asymptotic expansions of the Proca equation in Kerr metric and considering the leading order in the electric mode,we present explicit analytical expressions for the corrected spectrum and the superradiant instability rates.Particularly,in high-spin BH cases,we identify an anomalous situation where the superradiance rate is temporarily increased by the reflection parameter R,which also occurs in the scalar scenario,but is largely magnified in vector condensates due to a faster growth rate in dominant mode.We point out that the condition for the growth anomaly in the adiabatic case is that information carried per particle exceeds a certain value δ1/δN>2πκ_(B)√(1+R)/(1-R).We further construct several featured quantities to illustrate it,and formalize the anomalyinduced gravitational wave strain deformation.

关 键 词：SUPERRADIANCE ultralight boson black hole gravitational wave near-horizon reflection 

分 类 号：P145.8[天文地球—天体物理]