中国科技基础条件资源政策的演变及发展逻辑  

The Evolution and Development Logic of China's Science and Technology Infrastructure Resource Policies

作　　者：杨丽 类淑霞 岳琦 王晋[2] Yang Li;Lei Shuxia;Yue Qi;Wang Jin(Beijing Academy of Science and Technology,Beijing 100089,China;National Science and Technology Infrastructure Center,Beijing 100038,China)

机构地区：[1]北京市科学技术研究院,北京100089 [2]国家科技基础条件平台中心,北京100038

出　　处：《科技管理研究》2025年第2期32-40,共9页Science and Technology Management Research

基　　金：国家科技基础条件专项课题“重大科研基础设施和大型科研仪器开放共享发展报告(2023年度)编制”(2023WT10);北京市社会科学基金重点项目“完善科技创新机制研究”(20LLGLB041)。

摘　　要：科技基础条件资源已成为保障中国科技发展与社会进步的战略支撑,而专门针对中国科技基础条件资源发展历程以及制度变迁的研究较少。因此,以1978—2022年期间中国颁布实施的国家科技基础条件资源政策文本为研究对象,根据改革开放以来中国经济与科技体制改革历程以及科技基础条件平台建设的关键节点,将中国科技基础条件资源配置的政策演变划分为计划管理为主时期(1978—1992年)、市场导向的科技基础条件资源配置时期(1993—2003年)、以平台建设推进科技基础条件资源优化配置与开放共享时期(2004—2011年)以及新形势下科技基础条件资源支撑高质量发展时期(2012年至今),并采用定量与定性相结合的方法对各个时期的政策文本加以分析,总结中国科技基础条件资源政策的演变过程及内在发展逻辑。结果表明:经济与科技体制改革是科技基础条件资源管理演变的根本动力,科技的进步及创新发展为科技基础条件资源管理提出新需求。新时期下推进完善中国科技基础条件资源建设与发展,需要强化其对国家重大战略需求的支撑,加快政府资源管理与服务模式转变,以立法推进资源管理制度完善,高度重视自主创新与国际合作的有机结合等。Science and technology infrastructure resources have become a strategic pillar supporting China's technological advancement and social progress.However,research specifically examining their development process remains limited.Under this background,this study focuses on the national science and technology infrastructure resource policies enacted and implemented between 1978 and 2022.Based on the key nodes of China's economic and technology system reform since the reform and opening up,as well as the construction of science and technology infrastructure platforms,the policy evolution of China's science and technology infrastructure resource allocation is divided into four periods:the era of plan-based management(1978-1992),the market-oriented allocation of science and technology infrastructure resource(1993-2003),the phase of optimizing resource allocation through platform development and open sharing(2004-2011),and the current stage,where science and technology infrastructure resources support high-quality development under the new circumstances(2012-present).Using a combination of quantitative and qualitative methods,the evolution process and internal development logic of China's science and technology infrastructure resource policies is summarized.The results indicate that economic and technology system reform is the fundamental driving force for the evolution of technology infrastructure resource management,and the progress and innovative advancement of technology have proposed new demands for technology infrastructure resource management.In the new era,the development of China's scientific and technology infrastructure resources requires strengthening its support for major national strategic needs,accelerating the transformation of government resource management and service models,improving the resource management systems through legislation,and prioritizing the organic combination of independent innovation and international cooperation.

关 键 词：科技基础条件资源 科技规划 科技资源 政策演变 开放共享 自主创新 

分 类 号：G311[文化科学] G301