基于专利相似度计算及创新力评价的企业潜在竞争对手识别研究  

Research on the Identification of Enterprises'Potential Competitors Based on Patent Similarity Calculation and Innovation Evaluation

作　　者：刘颖 李叶 李晓晨 于春梅 周惠龙 Liu Ying;Li Ye;Li Xiaochen;Yu Chunmei;Zhou Huilong(School of Management and Information Engineering,Jilin University of Finance and Economics,Changchun 130117,China;Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Financial Technology,Changchun 130117,China;Jilin Province Business Big Data Research Center,Changchun 130117,China;Jilin Province Logistics Industry Economy and Intelligent Logistics Laboratory,Changchun 130117,China)

机构地区：[1]吉林财经大学管理科学与信息工程学院,吉林长春130117 [2]吉林省金融科技重点实验室,吉林长春130117 [3]吉林省商务大数据研究中心,吉林长春130117 [4]吉林省物流产业经济与智能物流实验室,吉林长春130117

出　　处：《科技管理研究》2025年第2期72-82,共11页Science and Technology Management Research

基　　金：吉林省自然科学基金项目“‘双碳’目标下绿色供应链金融数据存证及风险识别算法研究”(YDZJ202301ZYTS482)。

摘　　要：聚焦企业竞争对手识别的片面性及不准确性,以专利资源相似度为重要识别依据,构建融合专利相似度计算及创新力评价的企业潜在竞争对手识别方法。通过集成基于主题模型的狄利克雷分布和非负矩阵分解,以及基于词频统计特征的“词频-逆文件频率”3种无监督提取模型获取覆盖信息全面的关键词,分别使用余弦相似度和Jaccard算法计算企业间技术和应用维相似度;另外,在专利平均增长率技术创新力评价指标的基础上增加企业专利申请总数、近两年专利数量占比两个指标,多维映射企业间竞争关系及强度。选取具有高技术特性的区块链技术专利作实证分析,综合考量目标企业与竞争对手在技术、应用以及创新力3个维度上的表现,将技术维相似性较高且应用维差异较大的对手判定为潜在竞争对手,进而根据其创新力评分表征威胁强度,划分竞争对手为6个等级,以此制定企业差异化应对策略。以腾讯科技(深圳)有限公司作为目标企业,以该模型识别其在区块链技术领域的竞争对手,实验结果表明该模型能够挖掘竞争对手与目标企业的潜在竞争关系,有效提高企业现有、潜在竞争对手识别的全面性和准确性,增强竞争对手识别的广度和深度。Focusing on the one-sidedness and inaccuracy of competitor identification,this paper constructs a potential competitor identification method that integrates patent similarity calculation and innovation evaluation with the similarity of patent resources as an important identification basis.By Combining the Dirichlet distribution with non-negative matrix decomposition based on the topic model,and the"word frequency-inverse file frequency"unsupervised extraction model based on the statistical characteristics of word frequency,keywords with comprehensive coverage information are obtained,and the cosine similarity and Jaccard algorithm are used to calculate the interenterprise technical and application dimension similarity respectively.In addition,on the basis of the average growth rate of technological innovation ability evaluation index,the total number of patents of enterprises and the proportion of patents in the past two years are increased to map the competition relationship and intensity of enterprises in a multidimensional way.The blockchain technology patents with high-tech characteristics for empirical analysis are selected,comprehensively considering the performance of target enterprises and competitors in three dimensions of technology,application,and innovation,the competitors with high similarity in technology dimension and large differences in application dimension are judged as potential competitors,and the threat intensity of competitors is characterized according to their innovation score,further the competitors are divided into 6 levels,so as to formulate the enterprise differentiation response strategy.Tencent Technology(Shenzhen)Co.,Ltd.is taken as the target company to identify its competitors in the field of blockchain technology with the model,the experimental results show that the model can excavate the potential competitive relationship between competitors and target enterprises,effectively improve the comprehensiveness and accuracy of the existing and potential competitors identification,and

关 键 词：专利文本 潜在竞争对手识别 竞争关系 技术相似性 创新力评价 

分 类 号：F224[经济管理—国民经济] G301[文化科学]