多元异质性视角下的科学基金资助策略优化研究——以人工智能领域为例  

Research on the Optimization of Science Fund Funding Strategy from the Perspective of Multivariate Heterogeneity:Taking the Field of Artificial Intelligence as an Example

作　　者：王菲菲[1] 郭雯华 薛蕊 Wang Feifei;Guo Wenhua;Xue Rui(School of Economics and Management,Beijing University of Technology,Beijing 100124,China)

机构地区：[1]北京工业大学经济与管理学院,北京100124

出　　处：《科技管理研究》2025年第3期196-207,共12页Science and Technology Management Research

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目“主体异质性视角下科技项目资助绩效评估与创新引领策略研究”(72104015)。

摘　　要：科技项目经费的投入日益增多,因此对于政府资助效果和资助优化的研究越发重要。以国家自然科学基金委员会(NSFC)中的人工智能领域为例,构建“学者属性-主题特征-资助模式”的多元异质性框架,运用负二项回归模型识别了多元异质性影响要素及其影响机制,通过多目标组合和带有精英策略的非支配排序遗传算法(NSGA-Ⅱ)探索了使得科研产出绩效达到最大值的最优解集,进而探究了人才培养导向-前沿引领导向的差异化目标选择的最优策略。研究发现,职称较高的学者、男性学者以及年轻学者更容易获得资助,资助类型和金额与学者合作能力、引用强度以及研究主题的前沿性和学科交叉性密切相关,差异化目标导向的资助兼具人才培养与前沿引领的双重功能。据此,为科研管理政策的制定与资助政策的改进策略提供量化性、可预见性的参考,从而推动科技进步。With the increasing investment in science and technology projects,research on the effectiveness and optimization of government funding is becoming more and more important.Taking the field of artificial intelligence in the National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC)as an example,we constructed a multivariate heterogeneity framework of"scholars'attributes-topic characteristics-funding modes",identified the influencing elements of the multivariate heterogeneity and their influencing mechanisms by using negative binomial regression model,researched the optimal solution set to maximize the research output performance by using the combination of multi-objective and non-dominated sorting with elite strategy(NSGA-II),and then explored the optimal strategy for the differentiated objective selection of talent cultivation-oriented and frontier-led.The study found that scholars with higher titles,male scholars and young scholars are more likely to receive grants,and that the type and amount of grants are closely related to scholars'ability to collaborate,citation intensity,and the cutting-edge and discipline-crossing nature of research topics.Differentiated goal-oriented funding has the dual functions of talent cultivation and cutting-edge leadership.Accordingly,it provides quantitative and predictable references for the formulation of research management policies and the improvement strategies of funding policies,so as to promote scientific and technological progress.

关 键 词：多元异质性 NSFC 科研基金资助 科研产出绩效 资助策略优化 差异化目标选择 

分 类 号：G322.1[文化科学] G311G301