科技创新社会支撑系统:理论阐释、功能作用与优化路径  

Social Support System for Scientific and Technological Innovation:Theoretical Interpretation,Functional Roles,and Optimization Pathways

作　　者：孙品 张云霞 Sun Pin;Zhang Yunxia(School of Marxism,Jiangnan University,Wuxi 214122,China)

机构地区：[1]江南大学马克思主义学院,江苏无锡214122

出　　处：《科技管理研究》2025年第3期239-246,共8页Science and Technology Management Research

基　　金：国家社会科学基金一般项目“新时代科技创新的社会支撑系统研究”(18BKS085)。

摘　　要：科技创新是一个开放复杂巨系统,其发展演化受到外部环境的双重影响。为考察和实现社会环境对科技创新的正向影响,以系统的科学思维为指导,以马克思、恩格斯的社会系统论为基点,从纷繁复杂的社会因素中提炼出可以支撑科技创新的关键要素,建构出一个科技创新社会支撑系统的理论框架。这一系统的主要构成要素是经济条件、政治条件和文化条件,并且在这3个要素的联结互动中呈现出经济是基础、政治是保障、文化是灵魂的内在结构表现形式。在科技创新社会支撑系统结构体系的决定和外部环境的影响下,经济条件能够发挥出要素整合、动力导向、资源支持等功能,政治条件能够发挥出政治领导、战略制定、制度规范等功能,文化条件能够发挥出价值引领、智力支持、行为规范等功能,系统整体能够发挥出支撑科技主体创新活动促进成果大量涌现的突出功能。在新时代,为更好发挥科技创新赋能新质生产力发展、促进社会进步的核心作用,应在把握科技创新社会支撑系统所面临的开放环境的前提下,持续推动系统要素的发展完善、结构的有序调整、整体的优化演化,以形成对科技创新的长期有效支撑。Scientific and technological innovation(STI)is an open complex giant system,whose development and evolution are subject to multiple influences from the external environment.To investigate and realize the positive impact of the social environment on STI,this study,guided by systematic scientific thinking and grounded in Marx and Engels'social system theory,extracts key social factors supporting STI and constructs a theoretical framework of a social support system for STI.The system primarily comprises economic,political,and cultural conditions,with an internal structure where economic conditions serve as the foundation,political conditions as the safeguard,and cultural conditions as the essence.Under the structural determination of the social support system and external environmental influences,economic conditions facilitate factor integration,dynamic guidance,and resource provision;political conditions enable political leadership,strategy formulation,and institutional regulation;cultural conditions offer value orientation,intellectual support,and behavioral regulation.Collectively,the system supports innovation activities and fosters substantial outcomes.In the new era,to enhance STI's role in driving new productive forces and social progress,it is imperative to continuously improve system elements,adjust structures,and optimize the overall system while addressing open environmental challenges,thereby ensuring sustained support for STI.

关 键 词：科技创新 社会支撑系统 社会系统理论 系统科学 

分 类 号：N949[自然科学总论—系统科学] G301[文化科学]