小煤柱沿空巷道“预裂卸压-双重厚锚”围岩控制研究及应用  

Research and Application of Surrounding Rock Control in Small Coal Pillars along Empty Roadways Using"Pre-split Unloading Pressure-Double Heavy Anchors"Technique

作　　者：李利东 LI Lidong(Lanxian Zhengli Coal Industry Co.,Ltd.,Shanxi Coking Coal Group,Lvliang 033000,China)

机构地区：[1]山西焦煤集团岚县正利煤业有限公司,山西吕梁033000

出　　处：《煤炭技术》2025年第3期80-84,共5页Coal Technology

摘　　要：针对正利煤业14^(-1)105工作面开采,及小煤柱沿空掘巷围岩控制的系统性难题,结合现场地质条件,采用理论分析和现场实测验证的研究方法,对小煤柱沿空巷道“切顶卸压-双重厚锚”围岩控制开展研究;结果表明:(1)依据采空区侧向应力分布规律,确定了支承压力峰值点距煤壁12.8 m和应力降低区宽度,即小煤柱留设宽度为6 m;(2)基于覆岩运动、关键块断裂特征及顶板预裂卸压机理,对回采工作面超前顶板实施纵向预裂卸压钻孔参数进行设计;并对14^(-1)105小煤柱沿空掘巷进行“双重厚锚”(浅部基础层螺纹钢锚杆+中部承载层柔性锚杆+锚索)进行支护设计;(3)通过现场巷道表面位移观测,表明小煤柱深部承载核区弹性岩体得到有效锚固,验证了小煤柱留设尺寸避开了侧向残余支承压力峰值;该项研究可为类似矿井实施小煤柱沿空掘巷提供借鉴。Addressing the systematic challenges of mining operations in the 14^(-1)105 working face of Zhengli coal industry and the surrounding rock control of small coal pillars along empty roadways;adopts a research approach that combines theoretical analysis with on-site measurements to investigate the"cutting top unloading pressure-double heavy anchors"surrounding rock control in small coal pillars along empty roadways.The results indicate:(1)Based on the lateral stress distribution in the goaf,the peak support pressure point is determined to be 12.8 m from the coal wall,and the stress reduction zone width,i.e.,the width of the small coal pillar,is set at 6 m;(2)Design parameters for longitudinal pre-split unloading pressure drilling holes on the advancing roof of the mining face are established based on overlying rock movement,key block fracture characteristics,and the mechanism of pre-split unloading pressure on the roof;and a support design is implemented for the 14^(-1)105 small coal pillars along empty roadways using"double heavy anchors"(threaded steel anchors in the shallow foundation layer+flexible anchors in the middle bearing layer+anchor cables);(3)Through on-site surface displacement monitoring of the roadway,it is demonstrated that the side support anchors and the deep bearing core zone of the elastic rock mass are effectively anchored,providing good support,and verifying that the size of the coal pillars avoids the lateral residual peak support pressure.This research can serve as a reference for similar mines implementing the excavation of small coal pillars along empty roadways.

关 键 词：小煤柱 沿空掘巷 预裂卸压 双重厚锚 围岩控制 

分 类 号：TD353[矿业工程—矿井建设] TD822.3