强冲击性煤层采空区松散煤体自燃特性及隐患超前管控方法研究  

Research on Coal Spontaneous Combustion Characteristics and Risk Advanced Control Methods of Loose Coal in Goaf by Strong Impact Coalbed

作　　者：李文福 马小辉 王向阳 刘咸富 何伟 王岩 刘万成 LI Wenfu;MA Xiaohui;WANG Xiangyang;LIU Xianfu;HE Wei;WANG Yan;LIU Wancheng(Shaanxi Binchang Mining Co.,Ltd.,Xianyang 713600,China;CCTEG Shenyang Research Institute Co.,Ltd.,Shenyang 110000,China;Liaoning University of Technology Xijin Mining Technology Co.,Ltd.,Fuxin 123000,China)

机构地区：[1]陕西彬长矿业集团有限公司,陕西咸阳713600 [2]中煤科工集团沈阳研究院有限公司,沈阳110000 [3]辽宁工大西金矿业技术有限公司,辽宁阜新123000

出　　处：《煤炭技术》2025年第3期227-232,共6页Coal Technology

摘　　要：强冲击综放开采煤层沿空及停采线区域煤柱破碎程度大,松散煤体集中分布,漏风供氧增加了遗煤自燃风险。采用实验测试、数值模拟及现场试验相结合的研究方法,明确了不同破碎程度煤体自燃特性,识别了综放开采煤层自燃危险区域并进行数值模拟验证,提出强冲击性煤层自燃风险超前管控方法。结果表明:强矿压冲击作用下松散煤体粒度越小,自燃危险性越大,CO可作为煤层开采全过程自燃风险识别的标志性气体,煤体产生C_(2)H_(4)、C_(2)H_(6)时温度在100℃~120℃,C_(2)H_(4)/C_(2)H_(6)可作为煤体剧烈氧化升温阶段标志。现场观测得出强冲击行煤层综放开采工作面进风侧氧化升温带为40.0~120.0 m,回风侧为20.0~105.0 m,日推进度小于3.0 m,煤自燃风险增大。基于此,提出强冲击煤层综放开采时两道隅角隔离堵漏,液态CO_(2)降温惰化于一体的煤自燃超前预控方法,效果表明采空区氧化带范围明显缩小,有效抑制了煤自燃,保障了安全生产。Under the impact of strong mining pressure,the coal pillars in the goaf and stop line areas of fully mechanized caving mining coalbed are broken to a large extent,loose coal are concentrated and distributed,resulting in air leakage and oxygen supply,increasing the risk of spontaneous combustion of residual coal.Uses a combination of experimental testing,numerical simulation,and field testing to clarify the spontaneous combustion characteristics of coal bodies with different degrees of fragmentation,identify the dangerous areas of spontaneous combustion in fully mechanized top-coal caving mining coal seams,and conduct numerical simulation verification.The advanced control methods for the spontaneous combustion risk of strong impact coal seams are proposed.The results show that the smaller the particle size of loose coal under the impact of strong mining pressure,the greater the risk of spontaneous combustion.CO can be used as a landmark gas for the identification of spontaneous combustion risk in the whole process of coal seam mining.When the coal body produces C_(2)H_(4) and C_(2)H_(6),the temperature is between 100℃and 120℃,and C_(2)H_(4)/C_(2)H_(6) can be used as a landmark for the severe oxidation and temperature rise stage of the coal body.The field observation showed that the oxidation temperature rise zone on the air inlet side of the fully mechanized top-coal caving mining face in the strong impact coal seam was 40.0 to 120.0 m,and on the air return side,it was 20.0 to 105.0 m.Once the daily advance was less than 3.0 m,the risk of spontaneous combustion of coal increased significantly.Based on this,a coal spontaneous combustion advanced pre-control method is proposed,which integrates two corner isolation and leakage blocking,and liquid CO_(2)cooling and inerting of loose coal.The application effect showed that the oxidation zone in the goaf is significantly reduced,effectively suppressing coal spontaneous combustion and ensuring safe production.

关 键 词：强冲击煤层 采空区煤自燃 松散煤体 危险区域 超前预防 

分 类 号：TD75[矿业工程—矿井通风与安全]