煤矿采空区应力场分布及演化特征  

Stress Field Distribution and Evolution Characteristics in Goaf of Coal Mine

作　　者：邵明士 韩杨静远 温忠党 SHAO Mingshi;HAN Yangjingyuan;WEN Zhongdang(Guotun Coal Mine,Linyi Mining Group Heze Coal and Power Co.,Ltd.,Yuncheng 274700,China;Mining Shaft Office of the Coal Design Research Institute(Business Unit),Dadi Engineering Development(Group)Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 100102,China;Zaozhuang Mining Group Production Dispatch Center,Zaozhuang 277000,China)

机构地区：[1]临沂矿业集团菏泽煤电有限公司郭屯煤矿,山东郓城274700 [2]大地工程开发(集团)有限公司煤炭设计研究院(事业部)矿井所,北京100102 [3]枣庄矿业集团生产调度中心,山东枣庄277000

出　　处：《煤炭技术》2025年第4期68-71,共4页Coal Technology

摘　　要：采用离散元分析软件3DEC模拟工作面回采过程,分析采空区上覆岩层应力场分布及演化特征。研究发现,在煤层上部0.59~9.59 m内,采空区两侧的煤柱与中部压实区域共同对上覆岩层提供了支撑,导致该区域应力水平相对较高,普遍维持在约50 MPa。随着与煤层距离的增加,两侧煤柱所承受的应力逐渐降低。同时,采空区中部由于受到回采活动的影响,出现了明显的卸压现象,压实区域减小,部分岩层受到拉伸作用,应力值由负转正。此外,回采过程中采动造成的裂隙发育呈现规律性,为气水流动提供了通道。冒落带主要由碎块状岩石组成,呈现出无规则堆积特征。回采结束后,采空区上覆岩石的垮落导致上部岩层逐步垮落并压实,与采空区前后的煤柱共同对上覆岩层起到了支撑作用。3DEC,a discrete element analysis software,is used to simulate the working face mining process and analyze the evolution of the stress field in the rock layer overlying the mining void area.The results show that the overlying rock layer in the mining area,under the joint coupling effect of gravity and lateral extrusion pressure in the horizontal direction,gravity plays a dominant role,and the overlying rock layer generates downward bending and stretching.In the upper 0.59-9.59 meters of the coal seam,the coal pillars on both sides of the mining area and the compaction area in the middle of the mining area jointly support the overlying rock layer,and the stress is relatively high,generally about 50 MPa.As the height of the coal seam is getting farther and farther away from the coal seam,the stress of the coal pillars on both sides decreases gradually from the bottom up;at the same time,in the middle of the hollow area,the pressure unloading is obvious due to the influence of mining,the compaction area decreases,and part of the rock layer is subjected to the tensile effect,and the stress changes to a positive value.The fissures for gas and water flow caused by mining show regular development,and the fallout zone is mostly an irregular accumulation of fragmented rock.After mining,the overlying rocks in the hollow zone collapsed and the upper rock layer gradually collapsed and compacted,and the coal pillar before and after the hollow zone,which played a supporting role for the overlying rock layer.

关 键 词：采空区 应力场 裂隙场 数值模拟 

分 类 号：TD322[矿业工程—矿井建设]