西北地区水安全综合评价及障碍因子分析  

Comprehensive evaluation of water security and obstacle factor analysis in Northwest China

作　　者：侯彩霞 陈柯成 付汉良 HOU Caixia;CHEN Kecheng;FU Hanliang(School of Management,Xi’an University of Architecture and Technology,Xi’an 710311,China)

机构地区：[1]西安建筑科技大学管理学院,陕西西安710311

出　　处：《水利经济》2025年第2期81-89,共9页Journal of Economics of Water Resources

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(52270189)。

摘　　要：为评价西北地区水安全状况并识别其障碍因子,将水安全划分为水资源安全、水环境安全和水生态安全三部分,构建水安全综合评价指标体系和压力-状态-响应模型,采用集对分析理论对2015—2020年西北地区的水安全状况进行评价,并建立障碍度模型诊断出影响不同区域水安全的主要障碍因子。研究结果表明:西北地区的水安全水平普遍有所上升,但整体水平仍然较低;西北地区的水安全格局具有显著的地理特征,中部区域的水安全状况最佳,东部区域次之,西部区域相对较差;水环境安全是西北地区水安全的最薄弱环节,亟待引起高度重视并采取有效措施;东部区域主要存在城市快速发展导致的高工业废水和生活污水排放问题,中部区域则存在城市污水处理能力不足和城市用水系统基础设施缺乏等问题,而西部区域主要受制于水资源利用效率问题。In order to evaluate the water security status and identify its obstacle factors in Northwest China,this study divides water security into three parts:water resource security,water environment security and water ecological security,constructs a water security evaluation index system and model,uses the set pair analysis method to evaluate the water security in Northwest China from 2015 to 2020,and establishes an obstacle degree model to diagnose the main obstacle factors affecting water security in different regions.Water security levels have generally increased in the Northwest regions,but overall levels remain low.The water security pattern in the northwest region has significant geographical characteristics,with the central region having the best water security,followed by the eastern region,and the western region being relatively poor.Water environment security is the weakest link in water security in Northwest China,which needs to be paid great attention to and effective measures should be taken to deal with it.The analysis of the obstacle factors in each region shows that the factors affecting regional water security are not the same.Although the water environment security in the eastern and central regions is similarly low,the eastern region is mainly due to the rapid development of cities and the discharge of high industrial wastewater and domestic sewage,while the central region is due to insufficient urban sewage treatment capacity and lack of urban water system infrastructure.In contrast,the western region is mainly constrained by water efficiency issues.

关 键 词：水安全 压力-状态-响应模型 集对分析 障碍因子 西北地区 

分 类 号：TV213.4[水利工程—水文学及水资源]