海表温度日变化特征对海陆风模拟的影响研究  

Study on the impact of daily sea surface temperature variation characteristics on the simulation of sea land breeze

作　　者：肖昀廷 蔡晨康 黄亦心 朱佳雷 XIAO Yunting;CAI Chenkang;HUANG Yixin;ZHU Jialei(Institute of Surface-Earth Science,School of Earth System Science,Tianjin University,Tianjin 300072,China)

机构地区：[1]天津大学地球系统科学学院,表层地球系统科学研究院,天津300072

出　　处：《地学前缘》2025年第3期218-230,共13页Earth Science Frontiers

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(42177082)。

摘　　要：海陆风是由于陆地和海洋热力差异导致的滨海地区一天内风向明显变化的天气现象,是滨海地区最为显著的区域大气中尺度环流过程之一。海陆风环流的强度、结构对滨海地区的大气边界层高度、大气化学过程、空气质量和辐射平衡等均有影响。作为影响海陆风环流的直接热力条件,海洋表面温度的日变化受太阳辐射、海洋热容量、风速、云量等多种因素综合影响,其对滨海地区海陆风发生发展的影响仍不明确。本研究利用高分辨率海表温度模拟数据结合中尺度天气研究与预报模型(WRF),分析了中国近海典型海域海表温度日变化的特征及其对海陆风的影响机制。研究结果表明:我国近海地区平均海表温度呈现出从南向北递减的趋势,渤海海域年均海温最低,为10.78℃,东海海域年均海表温度较渤海海域高94.6%,南海海域的年均海温最高,为25.19℃。渤海海域海温日变化的年内波动最大,可达0.55℃,最低仅为0.03℃,均值为0.25℃。东海海域海温日变化波动幅度适中,年均日温差为0.20℃,研究期间涉及的最高海温日变化幅度为0.45℃,约为渤海海域极值的82.0%,高出南海海域33%以上。通过考虑海温日变化的情景与以往模式海温恒定不变的假设情景对比发现,海温日变化可导致我国近海典型海域海陆风日数量增加,南海滨海地区年海陆风日数量增加了14天,涨幅为56.0%;渤海北部滨海地区年海陆风日数量增长了7天,涨幅为20.0%。从季节来看,海温日变化增加可导致冬季海陆风日数量增多,夏季海陆风日数量减少,对春秋两季的影响不大,从而导致我国沿海地区海陆风日季节差异减小。Sea-land breezes(SLB)are a mesoscale atmospheric circulation phenomenon driven by thermal differences between land and ocean during the day and night,resulting in obvious diurnal variations in wind direction in coastal areas.It is one of the most prominent mesoscale atmospheric circulations in coastal regions.The intensity of the SLB influences the atmospheric boundary layer height,atmospheric chemical processes,air quality,and radiation balance in coastal areas.As a direct thermal condition affecting the SLB,the diurnal variation of sea surface temperature(SST)is influenced by multiple factors,including solar radiation,ocean heat capacity,wind speed,and cloud cover.However,the impact of SST diurnal variation on the occurrence and development of SLB in coastal areas remains unclear.This study utilizes high-resolution SST simulation data combined with the Weather Research and Forecasting(WRF)model to analyze the characteristics of SST diurnal variation and its impact on the SLB in typical coastal areas of China.The results show that the average SST in China’s coastal regions decreases from south to north,with the Bohai Sea having the lowest annual mean SST of 10.78℃,the East China Sea exhibiting a 94.6%higher annual mean SST than the Bohai Sea,and the South China Sea having the highest annual mean SST of 25.19℃.The diurnal variation of SST in the Bohai Sea exhibits the greatest annual fluctuation,reaching up to 0.55℃,with a minimum of only 0.03℃and an average of 0.25℃.The diurnal SST variation in the East China Sea fluctuates moderately,with an annual average diurnal temperature difference of 0.20℃.The maximum SST diurnal variation during the study period was 0.45℃,about 82.0%of the Bohai Sea’s extreme value and more than 33%higher than the South China Sea.Comparing scenarios that consider diurnal SST variation with the traditional assumption of constant SST in models,the results indicate that diurnal SST variation can lead to an increase in the number of SLB days in typical coastal areas of Chin

关 键 词：全球变化 海表温度日变化 海陆风环流 数值模拟 

分 类 号：P425.41[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]