清洁燃料应用对船舶源硫酸盐气溶胶辐射效应的影响研究  

A study on the impact of clean fuel application on the radiative effects of shipping sulfate aerosols

作　　者：孙亦旸 张蓓[1] 赵曦[1] 朱佳雷 SUN Yiyang;ZHANG Bei;ZHAO Xi;ZHU Jialei(Institute of Surface-Earth Science,School of Earth System Science,Tianjin University,Tianjin 300072,China)

机构地区：[1]天津大学地球系统科学学院,表层地球系统科学研究院,天津300072

出　　处：《地学前缘》2025年第3期263-273,共11页Earth Science Frontiers

基　　金：国家重点研发计划青年科学家项目(2022YFF0803000)。

摘　　要：船舶排放SO_(2)在海洋大气中形成的硫酸盐气溶胶(PSO_(4))可通过气溶胶辐射效应对气候产生显著影响,主要通过直接辐射效应(DRE)和间接辐射效应(IRE)对地球系统产生净冷却效应。本文利用地球系统模式和全球船舶排放清单,研究了在现行的全球0.5%燃料含硫量法规(0.5%S)控制下,以及将部分管控区的0.1%含硫量规定推行至全球的情景下(0.1%S),船舶源PSO_(4)及其辐射效应的变化。结果表明:0.5%S控制下船舶源PSO_(4)浓度全球均值为(58.2±6.5)μg·m^(-2),产生(-10.4±1.6)mW·m^(-2)的DRE。IRE是船舶源PSO_(4)辐射效应的主要部分,0.5%S控制下船舶源PSO_(4)的IRE约为(-64.7±40.5)mW·m^(-2)。航线上的船舶源PSO_(4)浓度平均约为200μg·m^(-2),辐射效应可达-600 mW·m^(-2)。相比于现行0.5%S法规,在0.1%S情景下,船舶源PSO_(4)浓度减小了约80%。而从辐射效应来看,全球平均DRE下降至(-2.1±0.4)mW·m^(-2),IRE则下降至(-15.2±11.2)mW·m^(-2),总辐射效应减弱77%。船舶源PSO_(4)的辐射效应时空分布很不均匀。在全球范围内,总辐射效应在北半球,尤其是船舶航线密集的北大西洋、北太平洋以及北印度洋的沿岸最大,可达约-350 mW·m^(-2)。南北半球辐射效应最强的季节均为各自半球的夏季。全球平均水平表明,北半球夏季时船舶源PSO_(4)的总辐射效应最强(-34.9 mW·m^(-2)),部分区域可接近-1200 mW·m^(-2);北半球冬季最弱,仅为夏季的不到四分之一。在全球使用更清洁的船舶燃料在减少大气污染的同时也将大幅减弱船舶源PSO_(4)的制冷辐射效应。Ship-emitted SO_(2) form sulfate aerosols(PSO_(4))in the marine atmosphere,which have significant impacts on climate,primarily through direct radiative effects(DRE)and indirect radiative effects(IRE),leading to a net cooling effect on the Earth system.This study,using an Earth system model and a global ship emissions inventory,investigates the changes in shipping PSO_(4) and its radiative effects under the current global 0.5% sulfur content regulation(0.5%S),as well as a scenario in which the 0.1%sulfur content regulation in certain controlled zones is extended globally(0.1%S).The results show that under the 0.5%S control,the global average burden of shipping PSO4 is 58.2±6.5μg·m^(-2),producing a DRE of-10.4±1.6 mW·m^(-2).The indirect effect is the dominant part of the radiative effect,with the IRE of shipping PSO_(4) under the 0.5%S control being approximately-64.7±40.5 mW·m^(-2).The average burden of shipping PSO_(4) on shipping routes is about 200μg·m^(-2),and the radiative effect is about 600 mW·m^(-2).Compared to the current 0.5%S regulation,in the 0.1%S scenario,the concentration of shipping PSO4 decreases by about 80%.Regarding radiative effects,the DRE decreases to-2.1±0.4 mW·m^(-2),and the IRE decreases to-15.2±11.2 mW·m^(-2),resulting in a 77%reduction in total radiative effects.The spatial and temporal distribution of shipping PSO_(4) radiative effects is highly uneven.Globally,the highest values are concentrated in the Northern Hemisphere,especially along the shipping routes in the North Atlantic,North Pacific,and the coastal areas of the North Indian Ocean,where total radiative effects can reach up to approximately-350 mW·m^(-2).The strongest radiative effects in both hemispheres occur during their respective summer seasons.On a global average,the total radiative effect of shipping PSO_(4) is strongest in summer(-34.9 mW·m^(-2)),with some areas approaching-1200 mW·m^(-2);it is weakest in winter,being less than a quarter of the summer value.The global use of cleaner ship fuels will si

关 键 词：船舶排放 硫酸盐气溶胶 辐射效应 低硫燃料 地球系统模式 

分 类 号：X51[环境科学与工程—环境工程]