基于表型性状的蝴蝶兰初级核心种质构建  

A Concise Phenotype-based Collection of Phalaenopsis Germplasms

作　　者：钟淮钦[1] 罗宇婷 钟声远 吴建设[1] 林兵[1] 樊荣辉[1] ZHONG Huaiqin;LUO Yuting;ZHONG Shengyuan;WU Jianshe;LIN Bing;FAN Ronghui(Institute of Crop Sciences,Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Fujian Germplasm Resource Center,Fuzhou,Fujian350013,China;Fujian Vocational College of Agriculture,Fuzhou,Fujian 350303,China)

机构地区：[1]福建省农业科学院作物研究所/福建省种质资源中心,福建福州350013 [2]福建农业职业技术学院,福建福州350303

出　　处：《福建农业学报》2025年第1期53-62,共10页Fujian Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：福建省林业种苗科技攻关项目(ZMGG-0710);福建省科技计划公益类专项(2023R1029005);福建省农业科学院青年自由探索科技创新项目(ZYTS2023005);福建省农业科学院科技创新团队建设项目(CXTD2021010-2)。

摘　　要：【目的】基于表型性状构建蝴蝶兰初级核心种质,为蝴蝶兰资源的保存利用和品种选育提供理论依据。【方法】以210份蝴蝶兰种质资源为材料,对32个表型性状进行调查,其中包括13个质量性状和19个数量性状。采用3种取样方法(随机取样法、优先取样法、偏离度取样法)、2种遗传距离(欧氏距离、马氏距离)、3种取样比例(20%、25%、30%)和8种聚类方法(最短距离法、最长距离法、中间距离法、重心法、不加权类平均法、可变类平均法、可变法、离差平方和法),探讨最佳取样策略,构建核心种质。利用均值差异百分率(Mean difference percentage,MD)、方差差异百分率(Variance difference percentage,VD)、极差符合率(Range coincidence rate,CR)和变异系数变化率(Variation coefficient change rate,VR)对备选核心种质进行评价,利用均值、极值比较分析和主成分分析对核心种质进行确认。【结果】优先取样法能够使核心种质更具代表性,欧式距离优于马氏距离,25%为最佳取样比例,最优聚类方法为最长距离法,最终抽提出52份材料的初级核心种质。构建的核心种质各项评价参数优秀,能够代表原始种质的遗传多样性,主成分信息得到保留,并且很好地去除了原种质的遗传冗余。【结论】构建的蝴蝶兰初级核心种质可以优先作为后续蝴蝶兰种质资源研究的材料,为种质的保存和利用提供理论基础。【Objective】A concise collection of Phalaenopsis germplasms based on their phenotypic traits was preliminarily assembled to facilitate conservation and utilization of the natural resource.【Methods】Two hundred and ten Phalaenopsis germplasms encompassing 32 phenotypes,including 13 qualitative and 19 quantitative traits,were included in this study.The random,preferred,and deviation sampling methods,the Euclidean and Mahalanobis genetic distances,the 20%,25%,and 30%sampling ratios as well as the single,complete,median,centroid,unweighted,weighted,flexible,and ward clustering methods were employed in comparison to optimize the selection process.The information obtained was scrutinized with evaluations on the mean difference percentage(MD),variance difference percentage(VD),range coincidence rate(CR),and variation coefficient change rate(VR).It was further verified by the mean and extreme comparative analyses and principal component analysis to arrive at a concise and representative collection of the germplasms.【Results】The germplasms for the collection were eventually gathered by means of the preferred sampling at the Euclidean distance and 25%sampling ratio with the complete clustering.Out of the 210 germplasms,52 selected cultivars were deemed to statistically represent the genetic diversity of the current collection with all the principal components on phenotypic traits preserved without redundancy.【Conclusion】The collection of Phalaenopsis germplasms assembled by this study was concise and representative of the resource presently in stock.It covered all key phenotypes needed to be preserved for future studies and applications.

关 键 词：蝴蝶兰 初级核心种质 表型性状 取样策略 

分 类 号：S682.31[农业科学—观赏园艺]