含表面裂纹储罐应力强度因子分析  

Stress intensity factor analysis of storage tanks with surface cracks

作　　者：焦亮杰 刘庆刚[1] 赵泽楠 段志祥[2] JIAO Liangjie;LIU Qinggang;ZHAO Zenan;DUAN Zhixiang(School of Mechanical Engineering,Hebei University of Science and Technology,Shijiazhuang,Hebei 050018,China;China Special Equipment Inspection and Research Institute,Beijing 100029,China)

机构地区：[1]河北科技大学机械工程学院,河北石家庄050018 [2]中国特种设备检测研究院,北京100029

出　　处：《河北工业科技》2025年第2期182-188,共7页Hebei Journal of Industrial Science and Technology

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2020YFB1506205)。

摘　　要：为防止含缺陷在役储罐发生安全事故、提高其安全性,对含裂纹缺陷储罐不同尺寸和不同位置裂纹的应力强度因子进行研究。以承受内压作用的含表面半椭圆裂纹储罐为研究对象,利用相互作用积分法研究了不同裂纹长度(c)、裂纹深度(a)与储罐厚度(t)比值a/t、裂纹所处位置因素对裂纹尖端应力强度因子最大值K_(Ⅰ,max)数值的影响。结果表明:裂纹处于筒体位置时,K_(Ⅰ,max)随着裂纹长度和裂纹深度与储罐厚度比值的增大而增长,且增长速率不固定;裂纹处于椭圆形封头时,K_(Ⅰ,max)随裂纹面几何中心与椭圆封头中心连线与椭圆封头长轴夹角θ的增大而减小,随裂纹长度的增加而增大;裂纹处于开孔附近高应力区时,K_(Ⅰ,max)随裂纹长度的变化规律与筒体处一致;当裂纹长度大于裂纹深度时,K_(Ⅰ,max)出现在裂纹前缘中间部位,反之出现在裂纹前缘两端。研究结果对于在役含缺陷储罐及其他压力容器安全评价以及检验规则的制定具有一定的参考意义。To prevent safety accidents and improve the safety of in-service storage tanks with defects,the stress intensity factors of cracks of different sizes and locations in tanks with crack defects were studied.Taking the storage tank with a semi-elliptic surface crack under internal pressure as the research object,the influence of different crack length c,the ratio of crack depth to tank thickness(a/t),and the location of the crack on the maximum value K_(Ⅰ,max)of the stress intensity factor at the crack tip was studied by using the interaction integration method.The results show that when the crack is located in the cylinder,K_(Ⅰ,max)increases with the increase of crack length and the ratio of crack depth to tank thickness,and the growth rate is not fixed;When the crack is located in the elliptical head,K_(Ⅰ,max)decreases with the increase of the angleθbetween the geometric center of the crack surface and the connecting line of the elliptical head center and the long axis of the elliptical head,and increases with the increase of the crack length;When the crack is located in the high stress area near the opening,the change rule of K_(Ⅰ,max)with the crack length is consistent with that of the cylinder;When the crack length is greater than the crack depth,K_(Ⅰ,max)appears in the middle of the crack leading edge,and vice versa.The research results have a certain reference significance for the safety evaluation and inspection rules of in-service defective storage tanks and other pressure vessels.

关 键 词：断裂力学 应力强度因子 有限元分析 压力储罐 表面半椭圆裂纹 

分 类 号：TH123[机械工程—机械设计及理论]