基于压电传感器方向特性的超声阵列研究  

Research on Ultrasonic Array Based on Directional Characteristics of Piezoelectric Sensors

作　　者：周秀 田天 白金 罗艳 马奎 陈彪 于家英 张恒 尤鸿芃 ZHOU Xiu;TIAN Tian;BAI Jin;LUO Yan;MA Kui;CHEN Biao;YU Jiaying;ZHANG Heng;YOU Hongpeng(Electric Power Research Institute of State Grid Ningxia Electric Power Co.,Ltd.,Yinchuan Ningxia 750011,China;State Grid Ningxia Electric Power Co.,Ltd.,Yinchuan Ningxia 750001,China;Guyuan Power Supply Company of State Grid Ningxia Electric Power Co.,Ltd.,Guyuan Ningxia 756099,China;School of Electrical Engineering,Xian Jiao Tong University,Xian Shaanxi 710049,China)

机构地区：[1]国网宁夏电力有限公司电力科学研究院,宁夏银川750011 [2]国网宁夏电力有限公司,宁夏银川750001 [3]国网宁夏电力有限公司固原供电公司,宁夏固原756099 [4]西安交通大学电气工程学院,陕西西安710049

出　　处：《电子器件》2025年第1期38-42,共5页Chinese Journal of Electron Devices

基　　金：国网宁夏电力有限公司科技项目(5229DK22000L)。

摘　　要：超声传感器相控阵列常用于局部放电的监测与定位。然而,由于传感器数量较多且受到波长和传感器尺寸关系的限制,其在空气中的应用受到了限制。基于压电传感器研究了超声传感器阵列的方向性。首先,通过多项式拟合获得了传感器方向性在一定范围内的近似表达式。其次,在平面上以不同角度排列多组压电超声传感器,根据每个传感器检测到的信号幅值计算信号源的方向。利用方向性的近似表达式实现了信号源的定位,并分析了该方法的误差和适用范围。最后,通过实验证实了所提方法的可行性。该传感器阵列结构简单,对采样率要求不高,计算量小,适合于空气中的超声信号源的定位,为超声阵列的设计提供了新的思路。Ultrasonic sensor phased array is commonly used for monitoring and locating partial discharge.However,due to the large number of sensors and the constraints of wavelength and sensor size relationship,its application in air is limited.The directionality of ul-trasonic sensor array is studied based on piezoelectric sensors.Firstly,the approximate expression of sensor directionality within a certain range is obtained by polynomial fitting.Secondly,several groups of piezoelectric ultrasonic sensors are arranged at different an-gles on a plane,and the direction of the signal source is calculated based on the signal amplitude detected by each sensor.The location of the signal source is realized by using the approximate expression of directionality,and the error and application range of the method are analyzed.Finally,the feasibility of the method is verified through experiments.The sensor array has a simple structure,it is of low sampling rate requirement and small calculation amount,which is suitable for locating ultrasonic signal sources in air,and provides a new design idea for ultrasonic array.

关 键 词：压电传感器阵列 指向性 超声信号 定位 

分 类 号：TP212.1[自动化与计算机技术—检测技术与自动化装置]