熔体处理对Al-18Si合金组织和力学性能的影响  

Effect of melt treatment on microstructure and mechanical properties of Al-18Si alloy

作　　者：李晓彤 闫璇 王建华[1,2,3] 吴长军 刘亚[1,2,3] 苏旭平 LI Xiaotong;YAN Xuan;WANG Jianhua;WU Changjun;LIU Ya;SU Xuping(Key Laboratory of Materials Surface Science and Technology of Jiangsu Province Higher Education Institutes(Changzhou University),Changzhou 213164,China;National Experimental Teaching Demonstration Center for Materials Science and Engineering,Changzhou University,Changzhou 213164,China;School of Materials Science and Engineering,Changzhou University,Changzhou 213164,China)

机构地区：[1]材料表面科学与技术省高校重点实验室(常州大学),常州213164 [2]常州大学材料科学与工程国家级实验教学示范中心,常州213164 [3]常州大学材料科学与工程学院,常州213164

出　　处：《中国有色金属学报》2025年第3期723-731,共9页The Chinese Journal of Nonferrous Metals

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(52071032);江苏省研究生科研实践创新计划资助项目(KYCX23_3051)。

摘　　要：为了降低初生硅对Al-18Si合金力学性能的不利影响,本研究探讨了锑变质、熔体净化及其协同处理对Al-18Si合金凝固组织及其力学性能的影响。结果表明:添加0.3%Sb(质量分数)显著降低了Al-18Si合金组织中初生硅的数量,使初生硅面积分数由11.70%下降到6.14%。熔体净化处理有效地减少粗大初生硅的数量,使初生硅面积分数减少到5.42%。0.3%Sb变质和熔体净化协同处理能有效抑制Al-18Si合金中初生硅的形核与生长,合金凝固组织转变为细小致密的伪共晶组织。与未处理合金相比,经过0.3%Sb变质和熔体净化协同处理后,Al-18Si合金的维氏硬度和冲击韧性分别提高了90.75%和41.73%,合金的综合力学性能得到了有效提高。To mitigate the detrimental impact of primary Si on the mechanical properties of Al-18Si alloys,this study explores the influence of antimony(Sb)modification,melt purification,and their synergistic effect on the solidification structure and mechanical performance of Al-18Si alloys.The results show that adding 0.3%Sb(mass fraction)notably diminishes the primary Si content within the structure of Al-18Si alloys,culminating in a reduction of the primary Si area fraction from 11.70%to 6.14%.Melt purification treatment effectively decreases the primary Si content in the alloy,lowering its area fraction to 5.42%.Synergistically using 0.3%Sb modification and melt purification can suppress the primary Si nucleation and growth in Al-18Si alloys,transforming the solidification structure into a refined and dense pseudo-eutectic structure.Compared with untreated alloy,after synergistic treatment of 0.3%Sb modification and melt purification,the Vickers hardness and impact toughness of Al-18Si alloy are increased by 90.75%and 41.73%,respectively,and the comprehensive mechanical properties of the alloy are effectively improved.

关 键 词：过共晶铝硅合金 变质处理 熔体净化处理 凝固组织 力学性能 

分 类 号：TG146.18[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]