7系铝合金应力腐蚀开裂的研究进展  

Research progress on stress corrosion cracking of 7 series aluminum alloys

作　　者：唐景增 付俊伟 赵茂密[1] TANG Jingzeng;FU Junwei;ZHAO Maomi(Guangxi Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science,Guangxi Academy of Marine Sciences,Guangxi Academy of Sciences,Nanning 530007,China;School of Materials Science and Engineering,Guilin University of Technology,Guilin 541004,China;State Key Laboratory of Advanced Marine Materials,Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Corrosion and Bio-fouling,Institute of Oceanology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Qingdao 266071,China)

机构地区：[1]广西科学院广西海洋科学院,广西近海海洋环境科学重点实验室,南宁530007 [2]桂林理工大学材料科学与工程学院,桂林541004 [3]中国科学院海洋研究所海洋环境腐蚀与生物污损重点实验室,海洋关键材料全国重点实验室,青岛266071

出　　处：《中国有色金属学报》2025年第3期827-851,共25页The Chinese Journal of Nonferrous Metals

基　　金：广西科技计划项目(桂科AB23026059,桂科AA23026007);中国科学院海洋研究所启动基金(E12822101Q)。

摘　　要：7系铝合金凭借密度小、可加工性好、优异的耐腐蚀性和导热/电性,广泛应用于航空航天、汽车等制造业中。然而,7系铝合金的应力腐蚀开裂大大缩短了其服役寿命。应力腐蚀机理主要是阳极溶解和氢致开裂,且一般是两种机理相辅相成共同作用。影响因素包括合金元素、热处理工艺、环境因素和应力因素,利用恰当的影响因素可以有效提高7系铝合金的抗应力腐蚀开裂性能。本文综述了7系铝合金应力腐蚀开裂的腐蚀机理、影响因素和研究展望,指出了7系铝合金未来的发展方向,即与人工智能/大数据的结合、探究新型防腐工艺和对原子尺度/纳米级的研究,可对应力腐蚀开裂的研究起到预测和提高效率的作用。With the low density,good machinability,excellent corrosion resistance and thermal/electrical conductivity,7 series aluminum alloy is widely used in aerospace,automotive and other manufacturing industries.However,the stress corrosion cracking of 7 series aluminum alloy greatly reduces its service life.The main mechanisms of stress corrosion are anodic dissolution and hydrogen induced cracking,which generally complement each other and work together.Alloying element,heat treatment parameters,environmental factors and stress factors can affect the corrosion behavior of 7 series aluminum alloy,and the stress corrosion cracking resistance of 7 series aluminum alloy can be effectively improved by adjusting appropriately the processing parameters.The corrosion mechanism,influencing factors and research prospect of stress corrosion cracking of 7 series aluminum alloy were reviewed in this paper.The future development directions of 7 series aluminum alloy were pointed out,including the combination of artificial intelligence and big data,the exploration of new anticorrosion technology and the research of atomic scale/nano scale,which can play a marked role in predicting and improving the efficiency of the research of stress corrosion cracking.

关 键 词：7系铝合金 应力腐蚀开裂 氢致开裂 合金化 热处理 

分 类 号：TG172.9[金属学及工艺—金属表面处理]