脱铜阳极泥H_(2)O_(2)高效浸出金铂钯新工艺  

Novel process for highly efficient leaching of Au,Pt and Pd from decoppered anode slime by acide H_(2)O_(2) system

作　　者：程郅璇 张福元 徐娟 马勇齐 何世伟 胡雨欣 CHENG Zhixuan;ZHANG Fuyuan;XU Juan;MA Yongqi;HE Shiwei;HU Yuxin(School of Metallurgical Engineering,Anhui University of Technology,Ma'anshan 243032,China)

机构地区：[1]安徽工业大学冶金工程学院,马鞍山243032

出　　处：《中国有色金属学报》2025年第3期929-939,共11页The Chinese Journal of Nonferrous Metals

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51904005)。

摘　　要：铜阳极泥是回收Au、Ag、Pt、Pd等国家战略储备金属的重要原料。本文针对现有铜阳极泥湿法浸出贵金属存在溶液盐度高、浸出率偏低和环境污染严重等问题,基于脱铜阳极泥的物相组成和理化特性,提出HCl-H_(2)O_(2)体系高效浸出金铂钯同步相转变银的新工艺,考察多因素对Au、Pt、Pd浸出率的影响。结果表明:在HCl浓度5.5 mol/L、H_(2)O_(2)用量1.11 L/kg、液固质量比5∶1(g∶g)、80℃反应5 h的优化条件下,Au、Pt和Pd的浸出率分别达到98.73%、99.50%和99.56%,浸出渣中Au、Pt、Pd的含量分别降至63.76 g/t、0.17 g/t、0.49 g/t;经HCl-H_(2)O_(2)浸出后脱铜阳极泥的微观形貌显示球状颗粒明显变小,主要物相由PbSO4、单质Ag和Ag_(2)Te相变为PbCl_(2)和AgCl,物相转变过程可充分释放被包裹的贵金属,有利于提高Au、Pt、Pd的浸出率和Ag的后续分离回收。Copper anode slime is an important raw material for the recovery of strategic reserve metals,such as Au,Ag,Pt,and Pd.However,the traditional hydrometallurgy process for leaching precious metals from copper anode slime have the problems,such as high solution salinity,lower leaching rate and serious environmental pollution.Thus,a novel process was proposed for highly efficient leaching of Au,Pt,and Pd simultaneous transforming silver phase in HCl-H_(2)O_(2) system based on the phase composition and physicochemical properties of decoppered anode slime.The effects of leaching behaviors of Au,Pt,and Pd under different leaching conditions were investigated.The results indicate that under optimized conditions of HCl of 5.5 mol/L,H_(2)O_(2) dosage of 1.11 L/kg,liquid-to-solid mass ratio of 5∶1,and reaction temperature of 80℃for 5 h,the leaching rates of Au,Pt,and Pd reach 98.73%,99.50%,and 99.56%,respectively.The concentrations of Au,Pt,and Pd in the leaching residue are reduced to 63.76 g/t,0.17 g/t,and 0.49 g/t,respectively.After leaching with the HCl-H_(2)O_(2) system of decoppered anode slime,the micro-morphology shows that the spherical particles are obviously smaller.The main phases change from PbSO4,elemental silver,and Ag_(2)Te to PbCl_(2) and AgCl.This phase transformation process effectively releases the encapsulated precious metals,which is beneficial to improve the leaching rate of gold,platinum and palladium and the subsequent separation,as well as facilitating the subsequent separation and recovery of silver.

关 键 词：脱铜阳极泥 贵金属 H_(2)O_(2) HCL 高效浸出 

分 类 号：TF83[冶金工程—有色金属冶金]