环保型PLA-WPC材料的制备及其在户外景观设施中的应用研究  

Analysis on Preparation of Environmental Friendly PLA-WPC Material and Its Application in Outdoor Landscape Facilities

作　　者：李丽丽 杨柳 LI Lili;YANG Liu(School of Fine Arts and Design,Suzhou University,Suzhou 234000,China)

机构地区：[1]宿州学院美术与设计学院,安徽宿州234000

出　　处：《景德镇学院学报》2024年第6期17-22,共6页Journal of JingDeZhen University

基　　金：宿州学院重点科研项目(2023yzd20);宿州学院科研项目(2021yzd17)。

摘　　要：随着全球环保意识的提升和可持续发展理念的普及,公众对新型环保材料的需求日益增加。作为一种新型环保材料,塑木复合材料结合了木材和塑料的优点,具有耐久性、生态环保和施工便捷等特点,因此在户外景观设施中被广泛应用。本文研究利用聚乳酸以及木质纤维制备了新型环保型聚乳酸塑木复合(PLA-WPC)材料。实验结果显示,在180℃实验温度下,1%的偶联剂处理条件下,添加30%的木纤维制备得到的PLA-WPC复合材料力学性能最优,其抗冲击强度和拉伸强度分别约为7.1 KJ/m^(3)和46.4 MPa。PLA-WPC复合材料的吸水率为0.70%,与其他景观设施材料相比,它能有效避免吸水变形问题。在强酸强碱环境中,15天的磨损量小于0.50 g/cm^(3)。此外,PLA-WPC添加阻燃剂后,其燃烧热释放速率、总热释放量、烟释放量和质量损失率分别下降约31.9%、45.0%、72.4%和28.0%。从生态性角度来看,PLA-WPC材料主要由生物材料、植物纤维和热塑性废弃材料制备而成,生产过程中每1 t塑木复合材料的产生可减排CO_(2)气体约1800 kg。同时,在施工过程中的总能耗也远低于混凝土等其他材料。With the strengthening of global environmental awareness and the popularization of sustainable development concepts,the demand for new environmentally friendly materials is increasing.Wood Plastic Composites material,as a new type of environmentally friendly materials,combines the advantages of wood and plastic,featuring good durability,ecological friendliness,and ease of construction.Therefore,they have been widely used in outdoor landscape facilities.A new environmentally friendly Polylactic Acid Wood Plastic Composite(PLA-WPC)material was prepared using polylactic acid and wood fibers.The experimental results showed that under an experimental temperature of 180℃and a 1%coupling agent treatment condition,the PLA-WPC material prepared with 30%wood fibers has the best mechanical properties,with impact strength and tensile strength of approximately 7.1 KJ/m^(3)and 46.4 MPa,respectively.Compared with other landscape facility materials,the water absorption rate of PLA-WPC material is 0.70%,effectively avoiding the problem of material deformation due to water absorption.In a strong acidic and alkaline environment,the wear amount within 15 days is less than 0.50 g/cm^(3).In addition,after adding flame retardants to PLA-WPC,the heat release rate of combustion,total heat release,smoke release,and mass loss rate decrease by approximately 31.9%,45.0%,72.4%,and 28%,respectively.From an ecological perspective,PLA-WPC materials are mainly prepared from biomaterials,plant fibers,and thermoplastic waste materials.During the production process,every 1 ton of Wood Plastic Composite material can reduce CO_(2) emissions by approximately 1800 kg.At the same time,the total energy consumption during construction is also much lower than that of some materials such as concrete.

关 键 词：塑木复合材料 景观设施 聚乳酸 生态性 化学工艺 

分 类 号：TB33[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]