铃铛刺叶性状居群变异及其与环境因子的相关性  

Population Variation of Leaf Traits and Its Correlation with Environmental Factors of Caragana halodendron

作　　者：赵昌丽 周立威 周可柔 游越棋 张志翔[1] ZHAO Changli;ZHOU Liwei;ZHOU Kerou;YOU Yueqi;ZHANG Zhixiang(School of Ecology and Nature Conservation,Beijing Forestry University,Beijing 100083)

机构地区：[1]北京林业大学生态与自然保护学院,北京100083

出　　处：《植物研究》2025年第2期277-286,共10页Bulletin of Botanical Research

基　　金：第三次新疆综合科学考察项目(2021xjkk0600)。

摘　　要：该研究通过分析不同居群表型变异及其与环境因子的关系,探究铃铛刺(Caragana halodendron)叶性状的环境适应机制,以期为铃铛刺优良品种选育、荒漠地区物种多样性保护,以及荒漠绿化、水土保持的本土树种应用提供理论依据。该研究以18个铃铛刺天然居群的108个个体为研究材料,收集11个叶相关性状和28个环境因子,利用皮尔逊相关分析和主成分分析,探究铃铛刺叶性状的变异规律及其与环境因子的相关性。结果表明:(1)不同居群铃铛刺叶性状存在较大差异,居群间的变异系数为9.42%~83.12%,居群内变异系数为1.58%~59.07%。对比居群内和居群间的性状变异系数可知,所有性状居群间平均变异系数(31.17%)高于居群内变异系数(21.86%)。(2)叶性状相关性分析发现,铃铛刺叶形状相关性状(叶长、叶宽、叶面积、比叶面积)之间呈显著正相关(P<0.05),叶片含水量与叶形状显著正相关(P<0.05)。(3)性状主成分分析提取的4个主成分累计贡献率高达91.13%。(4)叶性状与环境因子相关性分析显示,叶片形状、叶轴长度、托叶刺长度、小叶数量与干旱、降水、温度、土壤等多个环境因子极显著相关(P<0.01),比叶面积仅与降水量季节性变化极显著相关(P<0.01)。铃铛刺叶片性状变异反映了该物种对干旱和盐碱环境的适应性,表明铃铛刺通过调整叶片形状、叶轴长度、叶片含水量等性状适应环境压力的策略,为理解荒漠植物的适应机制提供了重要见解。To explore the environmental adaptation mechanisms of Caragana halodendron in leaf traits,to provide a theoretical basis for breeding superior varieties of C.halodendron,and protection of species diversity in desert areas,soil and water conservation,and desertification mitigation,the phenotypic variations among different populations and their relationships with environmental factors were analyzed respectively.The 108 individuals from 18 natural populations of C.halodendron were used as research materials,and 11 leaf-related traits and 28 environmental factors were collected.Pearson correlation analysis and principal component analysis were utilized to explore the variation patterns of leaf traits and their correlations with environmental factors.The results showed that:(1)There were remarkably significant differences in the leaf traits of C.halodendron among different populations.The variation coefficient of leaf traits ranged from 9.42%to 83.12%among the populations and 1.58%to 59.07%intra-populations.Through a detailed comparison of the variation coefficient of traits within and among populations,it was evident that the average coefficient of variation among populations(31.17%)for all traits was higher than that within populations(21.86%).(2)Correlation analysis of leaf traits revealed significant positive correlation between traits related to leaf shape(leaf length,leaf width,leaf area,specific leaf area)(P<0.05),and leaf water content showed a significant positive correlation with leaf shape traits(P<0.05).(3)Four principal components extracted from trait principal component analysis accounted for a cumulative contribution rate of 91.13%.(4)The correlation analysis between leaf traits and environmental factors showed that leaf shape,rachis length,stipular spine length,and the number of leaflets were extremely significantly correlated with multiple environmental factors such as drought,precipitation,temperature,and soil(P<0.01),whereas specific leaf area was only extremely significantly correlated with multipl

关 键 词：铃铛刺 种内变异 叶性状变异 环境适应 

分 类 号：S685.12[农业科学—观赏园艺]