SSR分子标记在杜鹃花属植物中的研究进展  

Research Progress on SSR Molecular Markers in Rhododendron Species

作　　者：姚姚 张浩 王秀云 夏宜平[1] 周泓[1] YAO Yao;ZHANG Hao;WANG Xiuyun;XIA Yiping;ZHOU Hong(College of Agriculture and Biotechnology,Zhejiang University/Genomics and Genetic Engineering Laboratory of Ornamental Plants,Hangzhou 310058)

机构地区：[1]浙江大学农业与生物技术学院/观赏植物基因组与基因工程实验室,杭州310058

出　　处：《植物遗传资源学报》2025年第3期405-418,共14页Journal of Plant Genetic Resources

基　　金：浙江省农业新品种选育重大科技专项(2021C02071-2);国家自然科学基金(32271936,31800597)。

摘　　要：杜鹃花是中国十大名花之一,观赏价值极高,深受人们喜爱。杜鹃花属内物种数量多、种间自然杂交频繁、部分种类园艺化程度很高,且品种命名不统一,使得国家和地区间的品种交流受到一定影响。SSR标记在种质鉴定、遗传多样性分析、分子标记辅助育种等方面具有优势。本文综述了近20年来SSR标记在杜鹃花属植物中的研究进展。目前,利用各类生物数据库信息、二代测序技术,及其他方法开发杜鹃花属SSR标记共约509对,部分标记在近缘物种中的引物通用性在50%到100%不等。在杜鹃花属物种保护方面,SSR标记被应用于物种保护策略研究、交配系统研究和基因交流研究,为物种遗传多样性保护提供科学依据。SSR标记还被应用于杜鹃花属杂交后代真实性鉴定和性状-标记关联分析等方面,在叶片褪绿和花色等性状上展开研究。对未来SSR标记的应用前景进行了展望,在以杜鹃花属濒危物种为重点大力开发属内SSR标记、开展重要性状关联辅助育种、构建DNA指纹图谱加强品种鉴定等方面深入研究,以期为杜鹃花属植物的研究、保护和遗传育种提供参考。As one of China’s ten most iconic flowers,Rhododendron is renowned for its ornamental value and cultural significance.The genus exhibits remarkable species diversity,extensive natural hybridization,and advanced horticultural development in selected varieties.However,persistent inconsistencies in varietal nomenclature have impeded international germplasm exchange.SSR markers have emerged as powerful tools for addressing these challenges,offering critical advantages in germplasm identification,genetic diversity assessment,and marker-assisted breeding.This review summarizes two decades of research progress on SSR marker applications in Rhododendron species.Approximately 509 SSR markers have been developed to date via diverse methodologies,including bioinformatics databases mining and next-generation sequencing.These markers showed cross-species transferability rate of 50% to 100% among closely related species.In terms of species conservation,SSR markers have facilitated the conservation strategy formulation,mating system analysis,and gene flow monitoring,providing empirical support for preserving genetic diversity.SSR markers are also used for authenticity identification of hybrid progeny,as well as trait-marker association studies targeting key horticultural traits such as leaf chlorosis and floral pigmentation.Finally,this review proposes future prospects of SSR markers,including development of SSR markers for endangered Rhododendron species,marker-assisted breeding for important traits,and establishment of DNA fingerprinting databases to standardize variety identification,expecting to provide references for assessment,conservation,and breeding of Rhododendron species.

关 键 词：微卫星 物种保护 遗传多样性 杂交后代鉴定 性状-标记关联分析 

分 类 号：S68[农业科学—观赏园艺]