利用CRISPR/Cas9技术编辑GmphyA2基因创制大豆早熟突变体  

Creation of Early Maturity Mutants by Editing GmphyA2 Using CRISPR/Cas9 Technology

作　　者：张祥 韩佳楠 于莉莉[2] 周雅 王晓波[1] 邱丽娟[2] ZHANG Xiang;HAN Jianan;YU Lili;ZHOU Ya;WANG Xiaobo;QIU Lijuan(School of Agronomy,Anhui Agricultural University,Hefei 230036;Institute of Crop Sciences,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Breeding,Beijing 100081)

机构地区：[1]安徽农业大学农学院,合肥230036 [2]中国农业科学院作物科学研究所/作物基因资源与育种国家重点实验室,北京100081

出　　处：《植物遗传资源学报》2025年第3期602-610,共9页Journal of Plant Genetic Resources

基　　金：中国农业科学院重大科技任务(CAAS-ZDRW202301)。

摘　　要：大豆对光周期的敏感性限制了优良大豆品种的推广种植。本研究通过降低大豆对光周期的敏感性,创制早熟且产量稳定的大豆新品种,扩大优良品种的种植范围。利用CRISPR/Cas9技术获得3个大豆GmphyA2基因纯合突变体。创制的GmphyA2突变体由于碱基缺失导致移码突变,均编码无PHY结构域的截短蛋白。本研究比较了GmphyA2突变体和野生型‘Jack’的生育期、株系和产量相关性状。与野生型相比,GmphyA2突变体在开花前期的GmFT2a和GmFT5a基因表达量显著提高,导致其开花时间提前5~6d,成熟期也提前了6~11d。尽管整体生育期有所缩短,但GmphyA2突变体的有效分枝数和单株粒数都显著增加,且单株粒重与野生型相比没有明显差异。这些结果表明,利用CRISPR/Cas9技术编辑GmphyA2创制了生育期缩短单株产量不变的大豆新种质,为早熟高产育种提供了新的基因资源。The photoperiod sensitivity of soybean limits the popularization of excellent soybean varieties for planting.In this study,we created new soybean varieties with early maturity and stable yield by reducing the sensitivity of soybean to photoperiod and expanding the planting range of good varieties.Three soybean GmphyA2 pure mutants were obtained using CRISPR/Cas9 technology.The created GmphyA2 mutants encodes a truncated protein without PHY structural domain due to a base deletion resulting in a code-shift mutation.Comparisons were made to characterize the fertility,plant size,and yield of the GmphyA2 mutant and the WT‘Jack’.The results showed that because of significantly increased expression of GmFT2a and GmFT5a during the pre-flowering period,the GmphyA2 mutant flowered 5-6 d earlier and matured 6-11 d earlier compared with the WT.Although the fertility period was shortened,grains weight per plant was not significantly different from that of the WT due to a significant increase in both the effective number of branches and the number of grains per plant in the GmphyA2 mutant.These results indicate that the editing of GmphyA2 using CRISPR/Cas9 technology has created a new soybean germplasm with unchanged yield per plant with shortened fertility period,which provides a new genetic resource for breeding for early maturity and high yield.

关 键 词：GmphyA2 早熟 产量 基因编辑 大豆 

分 类 号：S565.1[农业科学—作物学] Q943.2[生物学—植物学]