环形接收的穿戴式光学传感器提升人-传感器接触状态的稳定性  

Ring-Shaped Wearable Optical Sensors Enhancing the Stability of Human-Sensor Contact State

作　　者：葛晴 刘瑾[1] 韩同帅 刘文博 卢月 GE Qing;LIU Jin;HAN Tong-shuai;LIU Wen-bo;LU Yue(State Key Laboratory of Precision Measurement Technology and Instruments,Tianjin University,Tianjin 300072,China)

机构地区：[1]天津大学精密测试技术及仪器全国重点实验室,天津300072

出　　处：《光谱学与光谱分析》2025年第4期914-921,共8页Spectroscopy and Spectral Analysis

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(81971657)资助。

摘　　要：在无创可穿戴式光谱传感器领域,确保人体与传感器接触状态的稳定性对于提升传感器性能至关重要。人体的动作会改变肌肉和皮肤的扭曲程度,改变接口处传感器与皮肤的接触状态,使得光的入射角度发生偏移。入射角的变化影响光在皮肤中的传播路径,进而影响到传感器接收的皮肤表面漫反射光的强度。为了解决这一问题,开发了一种专用于人体成分无创检测的可穿戴式近红外光学传感器。该传感器的感光部分采用环形结构设计,这不仅增大了接收光的面积,还能够360°角度平均经皮肤表面漫反射的光,有效地减少了由光源入射角度变化引起的各向异性干扰。利用蒙特卡罗模拟,分析了光入射角度在1.2°、2.5°、5°、15°、45°范围内随机变化,以及0°至5°单方向变化时,单点与环形传感器的性能差异。模拟结果显示,环形传感器的信噪比显著高于单点检测器,大约提高了十倍,相应地,其检测的最低血糖浓度限也更低,是单点检测器的十分之一。环形探测器不仅降低了由于入射角随机变化引起的各向异性干扰,而且在两个不同的探测器处接收到的干扰表现出更强的共模特性。因此,采用一对同心圆环形探测器并对其信号进行差分抵消,可以进一步抑制入射角变化带来的干扰。在人体实验中,受试者在空腹状态分别使用环形检测器和单点检测器采集动作变化下的漫反射光信号。实验结果表明,环形传感器结合差分方法可以有效地抑制由人体动作引起的人-传感器接触状态变化的干扰,信号变化幅度在0.0005~0.001 a.u.,满足0.5~1 mmol·L^(-1)精度的无创血糖检测要求。综上所述,本文提出的双环形接收的穿戴式光学传感器在人体检测中表现出优异的高信噪比性能,显示出其在无创人体成分检测领域的广泛应用潜力。In non-invasive wearable spectral sensors,ensuring the stability of the contact state between the human body and the sensor is essential for optimal sensor performance.Human movements and changes in body posture can cause variations in muscle and skin tension,altering the contact state at the interface between the sensor and the skin,which results in shifts in the angle of incident light.Such changes affect the path of light propagation within the skin,subsequently influencing the intensity of the diffusely reflected light received by the sensor.To address this issue,this study developed a wearable near-infrared optical sensor specifically designed for non-invasive analysis of body components.The photosensitive part of the sensor features a ring-shaped design,which not only increases the area that receives light but also allows for the average of the signal at 360 degrees,effectively reducing the anisotropic interference caused by variations in the angle of incident light.Monte Carlo simulations were used to analyze the performance differences between point detectors and the ring-shaped detector under conditions where the light incident angles varied randomly within the ranges of 1.2°,2.5°,5°,15°,and 45°,as well as in a monotonic increase from 0°to 5°.The results demonstrated that the ring-shaped detector s signal-to-noise ratio is significantly higher than that of the point detector—approximately ten times greater.Accordingly,its detection limits for glucose are also lower,one-tenth those of the point detector.The ring-shaped detector not only reduces the anisotropic interferences caused by random variations in the angle of incidence but also shows stronger common-mode characteristics in interference received at two different source-detector separations.Therefore,using a pair of concentric ring-shaped detectors and differentially canceling the signals can further suppress interferences caused by changes in the angle of incidence.In human trials,subjects used ring-shaped and point detectors to collect si

关 键 词：可穿戴式 光学传感器 无创测量 蒙特卡洛模拟 差分测量 

分 类 号：O433.1[机械工程—光学工程]