船舶污染气体排放的成像光谱追踪探测  

Imaging Spectral Tracking and Detection of Ship-Polluted Gas Emissions

作　　者：任昊 曾议 鲁晓峰 毋路遥 董健 李浩然 宋润泽 韩云坤 奚亮 司福祺[2] REN Hao;ZENG Yi;LU Xiao-feng;WU Lu-yao;DONG Jian;LI Hao-ran;SONG Run-ze;HAN Yun-kun;XI Liang;SI Fu-qi(College of Biological Food and Environment,Hefei University,Hefei 230009,China;Key Laboratory of Environmental Optics and Technology,Anhui Institute of Optics and Precision Machinery,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Hefei 230031,China)

机构地区：[1]合肥大学生物食品与环境学院,安徽合肥230009 [2]中国科学院合肥物质科学研究院安徽光学精密机械研究所环境光学与技术重点实验室,安徽合肥230031

出　　处：《光谱学与光谱分析》2025年第4期922-931,共10页Spectroscopy and Spectral Analysis

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2022YFB3904805)资助。

摘　　要：船舶运输促进了贸易和物流的发展,同时也向大气中排放了污染物。开发了一套地基快速成像光谱探测系统,旨在对船舶尾气进行实时追踪和监控。该系统同时采用可见光和紫外望远镜头,可见光与云台协同工作负责定位和追踪目标船舶,紫外望远镜负责采集船舶排放气体的特定光谱数据。根据船舶实时位置调整摄像头指向,并连续拍摄多幅图像,建立时间序列上的背景及光谱数据集。对光纤光谱仪进行改进,提高了系统光谱成像速度,能获得高时间分辨率的监测数据,同时能够适应船舶移动和环境变化,保障了数据的准确和连续。借助成像差分吸收光谱技术,可以识别和量化船舶尾气中的SO_(2)和NO_(2)浓度。为验证系统性能,进行样气浓度测量实验,结果相对误差均在7%以内。与推扫式地基IDOAS仪器进行了对比观测实验,两者测量结果最高值相差约2%。对铜陵市长江流域的船舶污染气体排放进行了实地观测。结果表明,船舶尾气中SO_(2)斜柱浓度最大为5.64×10^(16)molecule·cm^(-2),NO_(2)斜柱浓度最大为8.75×10^(16)molecule·cm^(-2),验证了探测系统的可行性。Ship transportation has promoted the development of trade and logistics while also emitting pollutants into the atmosphere.This study developed a ground-based rapid imaging spectral detection system for tracking and monitoring real-time ship emissions.The system uses both visible light and ultraviolet telescopic lenses.The former works with the gimbal to locate and track target ships,while the latter collects specific spectral data of ship emissions.Adjusting the camera orientation based on the ship's real-time position,and continuously capturing multiple images to establish a time series background and spectral dataset.Improvements have been made to the fiber optic spectrometer,which improves the system's spectral imaging speed and enables the acquisition of high temporal resolution monitoring data.At the same time,it can adapt to ship movements and environmental changes,ensuring the accuracy and continuity of data.Using imaging differential absorption spectroscopy technology,the concentrations of SO_(2) and NO_(2) in ship emissions can be identified and quantified.Field observations were conducted on ship pollution gas emissions in the Yangtze River Basin of Tongling City to verify the system performance.The results showed that the inclined column density of SO_(2) in ship emissions was 5.64×10^(16)molecule·cm^(-2),and the inclined column density of NO_(2) was 8.75×10^(16)molecule·cm^(-2),which verified the feasibility of the detection system.

关 键 词：船舶排放 成像差分吸收光谱 光纤光谱 追踪探测 

分 类 号：O433.1[机械工程—光学工程]