不同水体类型背景下的硫酸铁遥感反演下限浓度数值光谱模拟与特征分析  

Spectral Simulation and Characteristic Analysis of the Lower Limit Concentration Value of Iron Sulfate in Remote Sensing Inversion Under the Background of Different Kinds of Water

作　　者：梁业恒[1] 邓孺孺[1,2,3] 陈锦琳 刘旭拢 佟天仁 李嘉怡 李依玲 劳小敏 LIANG Ye-heng;DENG Ru-ru;CHEN Jin-lin;LIU Xu-long;TONG Tian-ren;LI Jia-yi;LI Yi-ling;LAO Xiao-min(School of Geography and Planning,Sun Yat-sen University,Guangzhou 510006,China;Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Water Environment Remote Sensing Monitoring,Guangzhou 510006,China;Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory(Zhuhai),Zhuhai 519082,China;Guangzhou Institute of Geography,Guangdong Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou 510070,China;Department of Natural Resources of Heilongjiang Province,Harbin 150036,China;School of Geography and Tourism,Huizhou University,Huizhou 516007,China)

机构地区：[1]中山大学地理科学与规划学院,广东广州510006 [2]广东省水环境遥感监测工程技术研究中心,广东广州510006 [3]南方海洋科学与工程广东省实验室(珠海),广东珠海519082 [4]广东省科学院广州地理研究所,广东广州510070 [5]黑龙江省自然资源厅,黑龙江哈尔滨150036 [6]惠州学院地理与旅游学院,广东惠州516007

出　　处：《光谱学与光谱分析》2025年第4期1183-1189,共7页Spectroscopy and Spectral Analysis

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41901352);广东省基础与应用基础研究基金项目(2022B1515130001,2020A1515010780);广州市科技计划项目(202102020454);广东省省级科技计划项目(2017B020216001);2024年广东省级水资源节约与保护专项资金项目(2024)资助。

摘　　要：利用卫星遥感技术对水中重金属浓度进行监测具有重要研究意义。但由于自然水体重金属含量低,其遥感反演可行性仍被学界怀疑,以致该领域发展比较缓慢。鉴于此,以中国环境卫星(HJ-1A)高光谱成像仪(HSI)反演水中硫酸铁浓度为例,采用遥感敏感性分析模型(DDE模型),模拟得到硫酸铁在理论清深水体和三种常见自然水体:富营养化水体、浑浊水体与重金属尾矿污染水体,共计四种水体类型背景下的可遥感反演下限浓度光谱曲线,明确地给出不同情形遥感反演下限浓度最小值及其所在波长,进而分析不同水体类型的遥感敏感性变异规律。研究结果发现,在不同水体类型背景下,硫酸铁的遥感反演下限浓度最小值及所在波长位置均是变化的。在理论清深水体背景下,该值的最小值为4.63×10-4mg·L^(-1),出现在468.530 nm处(对应HSI传感器第5波段,简写为Band5,下同),而扩充至最小值10%增量后,覆盖的波段范围为460.040~479.600 nm(Band 1—10)。但在波长范围721.605~951.540 nm(Band 81—115),下限浓度值已不存在。同样地,富营养化水体、浑浊水体、重金属尾矿污染水体三种自然水体背景下,下限浓度最小值分别为:6.30×10^(-2)、2.78×10^(-2)和1.64×10^(-1)mg·L^(-1);对应所在波长分别为:577.865 nm(Band 46)、587.900 nm(Band 49)、669.285 nm(Band 70);对应的扩充最小值10%增量后的覆盖波段范围分别为555.725~587.900 nm(Band 39—49)、568.160~612.740 nm(Band 43—56)、627.895~687.410 nm(Band 60—74)。以上特征波段,均是未来硫酸铁遥感反演模型敏感波段集合的重要参考依据。这四种水体背景下的下限浓度最小值大小关系是:理论清深水体<<浑浊水体<富营养化水体<重金属尾矿污染水体,说明相比理论清深水体,三种自然水体背景下遥感敏感性相对有所下降。从该最小值出现的波长位置(或范围)来看,三种自然水体背景下的下限浓度最小值Using satellite remote sensing technology to monitor heavy metals in water is of great research significance.However,due to the low content of heavy metals in natural water,the feasibility of remote sensing inversion is still doubted by the academic community,resulting in relatively slow development in this field.Because of this,taking the retrieval of iron sulfate concentration in water by the Chinese HJ-1A Satellite Hyperspectral Imager(HSI)as an example,the remote sensing sensitivity analysis model(DDE model)was used to numerically simulate the lower limit concentration spectrums in remote sensing inversion of iron sulfate under the background of four kinds of water,including:theoretical clear deep water and three kinds of common natural water:eutrophic water,turbid water and heavy metal polluted water.The minimum value of the remote sensing inversion lowers the limit concentration,and its wavelength is given.The variation pattern of remote sensing sensitivity under the background of different kinds of water is then analyzed.The research results found that under the background of different kinds of water,the simulated minimum lower limit concentration of iron sulfate and its wavelength position changed.Under the background of theoretically clear deep water,the minimum lower limit concentration is 4.63×10^(-4)mg·L^(-1),appearing at 468.530 nm(the fifth band of the HSI sensor,abbreviated as Band 5,the same below).After expanding to the minimum 10%increment,the covered band range is 460.040~479.600 nm(Band 1—10).However,the lower limit concentration value no longer exists in the wavelength range 721.605~951.540 nm(Band 81—115).Similarly,under the background of three kinds of natural water:eutrophic water,turbid water,and heavy metal polluted water,the minimum lower limit concentrations are:6.30×10^(-2),2.78×10^(-2),and 1.64×10^(-1)mg·L^(-1);the corresponding wavelengths are:577.865 nm(Band 46),587.900 nm(Band 49),669.285 nm(Band 70);the corresponding coverage band ranges after expanding the minimum valu

关 键 词：水体重金属遥感 敏感性分析 下限浓度 光谱模拟 变异规律 

分 类 号：X87[环境科学与工程—环境工程]