不同金属基材及涂层组合对抗核辐射效果的实验研究  

Experimental Study on the Radiation Shielding Effectiveness of Different Metal Substrate and Coating Combinations

作　　者：郭放 姜明泽 赵东 郑振东 GUO Fang;JIAN Mingzhe;ZHAO Dong;ZHENG Zhendong(Department of Oncology,General Hospital of the Northern Theater Command,PLA Cancer Center,Shenyang 110840,China)

机构地区：[1]中国人民解放军北部战区总医院肿瘤科,辽宁沈阳110840

出　　处：《中华灾害救援医学》2025年第2期125-130,共6页Chinese Journal of Disaster Medicine

基　　金：全军装备综合研究项目(LB2022B010100)。

摘　　要：目的评估不同金属基材与涂层组合对抗核辐射的效果,探讨无铅和少铅陶瓷涂层在核辐射防护中的应用潜力,为开发环保高效的核辐射防护材料提供科学依据。方法选择铝、铜、不锈钢和钛四种金属基材配合少铅、无铅、复合和纳米陶瓷涂层,使用喷涂法制备样品,并在80 kV、120 kV、160 kV X射线和137Csγ射线条件下分别测量不同材料的透射剂量率(I)和光子衰减率(μ),计算铅当量以评估屏蔽效果,并对数据进行Pearson相关分析判断数据之间的线性关系。结果在80 kV X射线条件下,在大多数样品中I与μ之间存在正相关性,铅当量与μ之间存在强正相关性。在120 kV X射线条件下,无铅陶瓷涂层样品B2和C2的I均较低,分别为520μSv/h和510μSv/h,而两者μ均较高,分别为0.70 mm^(-1)和0.72 mm^(-1),表明无铅陶瓷涂层样品的屏蔽性能较强,而少铅陶瓷涂层样品D1的I最高,达到710μSv/h,μ为0.35 mm^(-1),铅当量为0.23 mmPb,提示较差的衰减效果。在160 kV X射线条件下,所有样品的I普遍较高,相关系数集中在0.60到0.79之间,说明所有样品表现出较高的I和μ,且μ的增加直接影响I的增加。在137Csγ射线条件下,与X射线相比γ射线的I普遍较低,而μ普遍较高。无铅陶瓷涂层样品B2在137Csγ射线条件下的I为500μSv/h,μ为0.76 mm^(-1),铅当量为0.50 mmPb,表明其对γ射线有较强的衰减作用。相比之下,少铅陶瓷涂层样品D1的I为690μSv/h,μ为0.40 mm^(-1),铅当量为0.26 mmPb,显示对γ射线的透过性较好且衰减效果较弱。结论无铅陶瓷涂层在实验条件下表现出优越的辐射防护能力,尤其对高能X射线和γ射线的屏蔽效果优于传统少铅涂层。Objective This study evaluates the radiation shielding performance of different combinations of metal substrates and ceramic coatings,focusing on the application potential of lead-free and low-lead ceramic coatings in radiation protection.The goal is to provide scientific evidence for the development of environmentally friendly and efficient radiation shielding materials.Methods Four metal substrates of aluminum,copper,stainless steel and titanium were selected with lead-free,lead-free,composite and nano-ceramic coatings,and the samples were prepared by spraying method.The transmission dose rate(I)and photon attenuation rate(μ)of different materials were measured under 80 kV,120 kV,160 kV X-ray and 137Csγ-ray conditions,respectively.Lead equivalent was calculated to evaluate the shielding effect,and Pearson correlation analysis was performed to determine the linear relationship between the data.Results At 80 kV X-ray conditions,there is a positive correlation between I andμin most samples,and a strong positive correlation between lead equivalent andμ.Under the condition of 120 kV X-ray,the I values of B2 and C2 of lead-free ceramic coating samples are both low,520μSv/h and 510μSv/h,respectively,while theμvalues of both samples are high,0.70 mm^(-1)and 0.72 mm^(-1),respectively,indicating that the shielding properties of lead-free ceramic coating samples are strong.However,the I of low-lead ceramic coating sample D1 is the highest,reaching 710μSv/h,μis 0.35 mm^(-1),and lead equivalent is 0.23 mmPb,indicating poor attenuation effect.Under the condition of 160 kV X-ray,I of all samples is generally higher,and the correlation coefficient is concentrated between 0.60 and 0.79,indicating that all samples show higher I andμ,and the increase ofμdirectly affects the increase of I.In the 137Csγ-ray condition,the I ofγ-rays is generally lower and theμis generally higher than that of X-rays.Under 137Csγ-ray conditions,the I,μand Pb equivalent of B2 are 500μSv/h,0.76 mm^(-1)and 0.50 mmPb respectively,indicati

关 键 词：抗核辐射涂层 金属基材 陶瓷材料 核辐射防护 

分 类 号：R129[医药卫生—环境卫生学]