论“随母姓”权利的实现  

On the Realization of the Right to“Take the Mother’s Surname”

作　　者：屈茂辉[1] 杨旻 QU Maohui;YANG Min(Law School,Hunan University,Changsha 410082,China)

机构地区：[1]湖南大学法学院,湖南长沙410082

出　　处：《湖南大学学报(社会科学版)》2025年第2期114-122,共9页Journal of Hunan University(Social Sciences)

基　　金：湖南省普通高等学校哲学社会科学重点研究基地项目:中国民法前沿重大疑难问题研究(SKH2024008)。

摘　　要：我国的“冠姓规范”经历了一个从民间习俗跃迁为实定法的历程。“随母姓”权利实现的正当性理据主要为两个方面:一者,“随母姓”的法律在场与生活缺席为现实性理据,二者,“平等与差异”论说为学理性理据。为保障“随母姓”权利的实现,当以“性别平等”“最有利于未成年人”的价值理念重塑未成年子女姓氏规则,具体包括:处理离异后未成年子女姓氏变更纠纷,当父母协商不成时,弃用“同意”要件,以“最有利于未成年人”为标准;在婚姻关系存续期间,未成年子女姓氏初次登记时,由父母双方协商决定,双方协商不成的,以“最有利于未成年人”为标准。The“surname naming norm”in China has undergone a significant transformation from its origins as a folk custom to its institutionalization within“statutory law”.The justification to“take the mother’s surname”is supported by two key considerations.First,the disjunction between the legal framework allowing for maternal surnames and the persistent social absence of this practice underscores a critical sociocultural and juridical inconsistency.Second,“equality and difference”provide a comprehensive rationale for legitimizing this right.To ensure the practical realization of the right to“take the mother’s surname”,this study lists a recalibration of surname determination policies,guided by the principles of“gender equality”and“the best interests of the minor”.Specifically,two regulatory proposals are advanced:Rule one contends that,in cases of disputes over surname changes for minors after parental divorce,when legal parents fail to reach an agreement,the requirement for the legal guardian’s“consent”should be replaced with the“best interest of the minor”standard.Rule two proposes that during the marriage,the initial assignment of a minor child’s surname should be negotiated between both parents.If consensus cannot be reached,the principle of“the best interests of the minor”should prevail.

关 键 词：随母姓 性别平等 姓名权 冠姓 最有利于未成年人 

分 类 号：D913.9[政治法律—民商法学]