城市景观层积的概念、特征与城市更新途径  

Concept and Characteristic of Urban Landscape Layering,and Design Approach Towards Urban Regeneration

作　　者：张瑾渝 许愿[1] 朱育帆[1] ZHANG Jinyu;XU Yuan;ZHU Yufan(School of Architecture,Tsinghua University)

机构地区：[1]清华大学建筑学院

出　　处：《风景园林》2025年第3期32-40,共9页Landscape Architecture

基　　金：国家自然科学基金重点项目“宜居城乡地方性景观生态规划理论及方法”(编号52130804)。

摘　　要：【目的】城市历史景观(historic urban landscape, HUL)框架下的理论与实践范畴逐渐向城市中未纳入遗产保护体系的区域拓展,HUL成为可持续发展理念下城市更新的重要理论和工具。存量时代的城市景观呈现出多元混杂的特征,更新需求从关注历史文化价值扩展至承载新的价值认同与多元空间体验,适应此特征与需求的设计需深入辨析场地自身及更大区域的历史演变过程。从HUL的层积视角出发展开研究,有助于剖析当代城市景观时空流变过程,探寻整合历史与当代需求的设计路径。【方法】以层积视角解构城市景观的复杂性。回溯层积概念,并阐释其涵盖的3个时空观念——接续的地层、深度的表面、批判的历史,进而分析城市景观空间特征,再提出更新途径。【结果】城市景观具有累积、间断、关联3个时空特征,基于此引入城市景观更新实践中映射与锚固、折叠与互文和沉浸与互动3种更新途径。【结论】在存量更新语境下,以层积视角深度解读城市景观,能为审视过去与洞见未来提供基点,促进更新实践中的形式创新、文化延续与功能转化。[Objective]Contemporary urban landscape is heterogeneous,whose regeneration is grounded in a thorough examination of historical landscape evolution within a broader regional context.In 2011,UNESCO published the Recommendation on the Historic Urban Landscape,which defines historic urban landscape(HUL)as the urban area understood as the result of a historic layering of cultural and natural values and attributes.From a layering perspective,landscape is a spatial entity with both synchronic and diachronic characteristics,covering broader spatial scales and temporal dimensions.HUL implementation often faces tensions between conservation and development.The perspective of layering deepens the understanding of the spatio-temporal characteristics of urban landscape,and offers a design framework for the inherent dynamism and complexity of urban landscape.[Methods]To clarify the diachronic and synchronic characteristics of landscape from the perspective of layering,this research reviews related concepts,including layer,stratum,stratification,palimpsest,etc.,across multiple disciplines,such as geography,archaeology,history,linguistics,and phenomenology.This research explores the concept of layering from three dimensions:sequential stratum,deep surface,and critical history.Based on these,the spatio-temporal complexity of urban landscapes is analyzed,and novel design approaches are proposed.[Results]Layering can be defined as an understanding of the continuity of historical development and the persistence of the past within the present.It constitutes an integrated,dynamic,and multidimensional spatio-temporal perspective,which can be articulated in the three aspects of sequential stratum,deep surface,and critical history.The concept of layering originates from geology and has since been explored and referenced in disciplines such as archaeology,history,linguistics,and phenomenology.Layering in physical space is visibly evident,as geological stratigraphy and archaeological stratigraphy reveal the temporal and spatial continuity

关 键 词：风景园林 城市历史景观 城市更新 层积 分层 设计范式 

分 类 号：TU986[建筑科学—城市规划与设计]