基于IPCC、LCA法的城市家庭厨余垃圾处理与处置温室气体放核算方法  

Calculation Method of Greenhouse Gas Emissions from Urban Household Food Waste Treatment and Disposal based on IPCC and LCA

作　　者：王恒 张翔 刘骞 WANG Heng;ZHANG Xiang;LIU Qian(Sichuan Academy of Environmental Policy and Planning,Chengdu 610041,China;School of Architecture and Environment,Sichuan University,Chengdu 610041,China)

机构地区：[1]四川省环境政策研究与规划院,成都610041 [2]四川大学建筑与环境学院,成都610041

出　　处：《能源研究与管理》2025年第1期124-129,共6页Energy Research and Management

基　　金：四川省科技计划项目“基于碳中和的城市居民厨余垃圾资源化利用技术应用示范”(2022JDZH0018)。

摘　　要：在“双碳”背景下,城市家庭厨余垃圾的处置及温室气体排放已成为生态环境领域的难点、焦点和痛点。为了提高厨余垃圾处理的有效性和温室气体排放的管理水平,亟需明确且统一的核算方法。基于联合国政府间气候变化专门委员会(IPCC)法和生命周期评估(LCA)法,归纳并研究了厨余垃圾填埋、焚烧、好氧堆肥和厌氧消化工艺下的碳排放核算方式。结果表明:IPCC法侧重于厨余垃圾处理工艺过程中的碳排放量,其关键在于准确识别排放源、收集相关活动数据以及确定相关排放因子。相较而言,LCA法能够系统性地核算厨余垃圾产生、运输、处理处置及综合利用能源产出等全生命周期的碳排放量,体现了完整的物质和能量变化过程。通过对这2种方法的比较与分析,为厨余垃圾处理行业提供了科学的核算依据,旨在推动相关领域的温室气体排放管理与减排工作,实现更高效的资源利用与环境保护。Under the background of"double-carbon",the disposal of urban household kitchen waste and greenhouse gas emissions have become the difficulties,focus and pain points in the field of ecological environment.In order to improve the effectiveness of kitchen waste disposal and the management level of greenhouse gas emissions,a clear and unified accounting method is urgently needed.Based on the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change(IPCC)method and the life cycle assessment(LCA)method,summarizes and studies the way of carbon emissions accounting under kitchen waste landfill,incineration,aerobic composting,and anaerobic digestion processes.The results show that,the IPCC accounting method focuses on carbon emissions in the kitchen waste treatment process,and the key is to accurately identify emission sources,collect relevant activity data and determine relevant emission factors.In contrast,the LCA method can systematically calculate the carbon emissions of the whole life cycle of kitchen waste production,transportation,treatment,disposal,and comprehensive utilization of energy output,reflecting the complete process of material and energy changes.Through the comparison and analysis of these two methods,provides a scientific accounting basis for the kitchen waste treatment industry,aiming to promote the greenhouse gas emission management and emission reduction work in related fields,and achieve more efficient resource utilization and environmental protection.

关 键 词：厨余垃圾 碳排放 联合国政府间气候变化专门委员会 生命周期评估 

分 类 号：TK61[动力工程及工程热物理—生物能]