表面改性池沸腾换热研究进展  

Research Progress on Pool Boiling Heat Transfer with Surface Modification

作　　者：侯娜娜 李树谦 陈晓娜 何亚辉 曹繁语 冯连元 孙超 HOU Nana;LI Shuqian;CHEN Xiaona;HE Yahui;CAO Fanyu;FENG Lianyuan;SUN Chao(The Civil Engineering College,Hebei University of Water Resources and Electric Engineering,Cangzhou 061001,Hebei,China;Hebei Technology Innovation Center of Phase Change Thermal Management of Data Center,Cangzhou 061001,Hebei,China;Cangzhou Heat Storage and Low-grade Waste Heat Utilization Electromagnetic Heating Technology Innovation Center,Cangzhou 061001,Hebei,China;Beijing Jingwei Information Technology Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 100080,China)

机构地区：[1]河北水利电力学院土木工程系,河北沧州061001 [2]河北省数据中心相变热管理技术创新中心,河北沧州061001 [3]沧州市储热及低品位余热利用型电磁供热技术创新中心,河北沧州061001 [4]北京经纬信息技术有限公司,北京100080

出　　处：《能源研究与管理》2025年第1期142-150,共9页Energy Research and Management

基　　金：河北省教育厅科学研究项目资助(QN2021094);河北省“三三三人才工程”资助项目(C2024037)。

摘　　要：为实现气泡动力学行为的优化以及液体补给能力的提升,进而达成池沸腾换热效果的改善,众多研究人员着力于材料表面的改性处理。通过改性后产生的物理形貌特征或润湿性变化,使其能够发挥出预期的强化沸腾作用。综述了改性表面的制备、表面改性强化沸腾的机制及换热效果。改性表面制备需要对材料类型、表面形貌及化学性质、制备工艺和稳定性及耐久性进行多方面考量,尤其是长久使用的稳定性及耐久性。现阶段探究改性表面传热机制理论模型众多,其在气泡生成、生长、脱离等过程分析时存在公式多样化、缺少标准形式的特点,后续需将相关实验或模拟数据与理论模型相结合进行验证,充分考虑变量因素,为公式的整合或改进提供依据。能够实现强化沸腾的改性表面主要是考虑了汽化核心数量、毛细力及气泡溢出阻力等一方面或多方面因素,但由于没有统一设计标准,部分表面的使用有一定局限性,故设计出汽化核心数量多、毛细力较强、气泡溢出阻力小并且能够适用于各类工况的最优改性表面是未来的研究方向之一。此外,在强化沸腾换热效果方面,宏观、微观、纳米及混合尺度相比光滑表面均利于换热强化,其中微观、纳米及混合尺度效果更佳且沸腾机制与宏观尺度有别,纳米尺度表面沸腾传热机制尚需进一步探究。With the aim of optimizing the behavior of bubble dynamics and augmenting the liquid replenishment capacity,so as to bring about an amelioration in the pool boiling heat transfer effect,a multitude of researchers have directed their efforts towards the surface modification treatment of materials.Via the alterations in physical morphology characteristics or wettability subsequent to modification,it becomes possible for such materials to fulfill the anticipated boiling enhancement function.A comprehensive review is presented,covering the preparation of modified surfaces,the underlying mechanism of boiling enhancement via surface modification,as well as the resultant effect on boiling heat transfer enhancement achieved through surface modification.The preparation of modified surfaces requires consideration of multiple aspects such as material types,surface morphology and chemical properties,preparation processes,and stability and durability,especially the long-term stability and durability.At present,there are numerous theoretical models for exploring the heat transfer mechanism of modified surfaces,and when analyzing processes such as bubble generation,growth,and detachment,there are characteristics such as formula diversification and lack of standard forms.In the future,it is necessary to combine relevant experimental or simulation data with theoretical models for verification,fully consider variable factors,and provide a basis for the subsequent integration or improvement of formulas.The modified surfaces that can achieve enhanced boiling mainly consider one or more factors such as the number of vaporization cores,capillary forces,and bubble spill-over resistances.However,due to the lack of a unified design standard,the use of some surfaces has certain limitations.Therefore,designing an optimal modified surface with a large number of vaporization cores,strong capillary forces,small bubble spill-over resistances,and being applicable to various working conditions is also one of the future research directions.In res

关 键 词：池沸腾 表面制备 传热机制 换热效果 研究进展 

分 类 号：TK05[动力工程及工程热物理] TH311[机械工程—机械制造及自动化]