LED补光对日光温室基质栽培草莓生产及叶片生理特性的影响  

Effects of LED Supplementary Lighting on Production and Leaf Physiological Properties of Substrate-Cultivated Strawberry in Chinese Solar Greenhouse

作　　者：张涵 张玉琪[1] 黎景来 徐虹 李维环 李涛[1] ZHANG Han;ZHANG YuQi;LI JingLai;XU Hong;LI WeiHuan;LI Tao(Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Beijing 100081;Xiamen Tonghuo Technology Co.,Ltd,Xiamen 361012,Fujian;Tianjin Sanan Optoelectronics Co.,Ltd,Tianjin 300392)

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院农业环境与可持续发展研究所,北京100081 [2]厦门通秴科技股份有限公司,福建厦门361012 [3]天津三安光电有限公司,天津300392

出　　处：《中国农业科学》2025年第5期975-990,共16页Scientia Agricultura Sinica

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2022YFB3604604)。

摘　　要：【目的】明确LED光环境调控对基质栽培草莓生产及叶片生理特性的影响,构建日光温室草莓种植光环境调控策略,为我国冬春季弱光逆境条件下草莓种植提质增效提供理论依据及技术支撑。【方法】以我国主栽草莓品种‘红颜’为材料,在日光温室进行基质高架栽培,于花芽分化初期进行LED补光试验(补光灯距冠层顶部约15 cm)。设置不同光强试验(光合光子通量密度(PPFD)分别为254、367和492μmol·m^(-2)·s^(-1),对应功率分别为80、120和160 W)、不同光质试验(红蓝9/1、红蓝1/1和白光,PPFD为360—390μmol·m^(-2)·s^(-1),功率为120 W)和不同补光时长与控制策略试验(动态补光10 h和连续补光5 h,均采用120 W白光LED,PPFD为367μmol·m^(-2)·s^(-1),动态补光10 h的补光灯开关策略同光强与光质试验,连续补光5h处理为在8:00—13:00时间段补光灯连续开启),对照为不补光处理。试验期间测定草莓产量、叶片和果实生理生化指标及光合参数等,并对各处理电能利用效率进行分析。【结果】与对照相比,所有补光处理均提升了草莓产量,且采收期提前约10 d。在光强试验中,160 W处理产量提升41.9%,略高于80 W和120 W处理,但各处理间差异不显著;光质试验中,红蓝9/1处理增产55.9%,红蓝1/1增产44.1%,白光增产33.1%;补光时长与控制策略试验中,动态补光10 h产量比连续补光5 h处理高16.0%。上述补光引起的产量增加主要归因于单株果实数量增加。补光处理降低果实含水率、增加叶片厚度,但对叶片生理生化指标影响不显著。在光合作用方面,在上、下午自然光强较低时补光处理均可显著提升气孔导度,利于植物光合作用;而光强试验中160 W处理的叶片最大光合能力显著低于120 W处理,且气孔导度也低于对照。在电能利用效率方面,120 W红蓝9/1最高,160 W白光最低;动态补光策略处理下的电能利用效率是连续补光策略的2.6倍。�【Objective】The objective of this research is to clarify the effects of LED supplementary lighting on production and leaf physiological characteristics of substrate-cultivated strawberry,and develop a light control strategy for strawberry cultivation in Chinese solar greenhouses,which will provide theoretical basis and technical support for improving the quality and efficiency of strawberry cultivation in winter and spring seasons in China when solar radiation is low.【Method】Strawberry cultivar‘HongYan’was grown in a Chinese solar greenhouse with substrate cultivation,and LED supplementary lighting was provided during the early stage of flower bud differentiation(lamps were installed approximately 15 cm above the canopy).The experiments were set up with different light intensity experiments(photosynthetic photon flux density(PPFD)of 254,367,and 492μmol·m^(-2)·s^(-1),corresponding to the power of 80,120 and 160 W,respectively),the different light quality experiments(red/blue 9/1,red/blue 1/1,and white light,PPFD of 360-390μmol·m^(-2)·s^(-1),with the same power of 120 W),and the different supplementary lighting duration and control strategy experiments(i.e.dynamic supplementary lighting for 10 h and continuous supplementary lighting for 5 h,referred to as DL10 and CL5 hereafter,respectively,both using 120 W white LED,PPFD of 367μmol·m^(-2)·s^(-1),lamp on/off strategy of DL10 treatment was the same as the light intensity and quality experiments,lamp of CL5 treatment was continuously turned on during the time period of 8:00-13:00),and the control was no supplementary lighting treatment.During the experiment,strawberry production,physiological and biochemical index of leaves and fruits,as well as the leaf photosynthetic parameters were measured,and the power usage efficiency was also analyzed.【Result】Compared with the control,all supplementary lighting treatments increased strawberry yield and accelerated harvest time by~10 d.In the light intensity experiment,the yield of 160 W treatment increa

关 键 词：LED补光 草莓 产量 光合作用 日光温室 

分 类 号：S66[农业科学—果树学]