大学生网络安全素养的实然状态与提升路径  

Research on the Current Situation of College Students’ Network Security Literacy and Promotion Strategies

作　　者：魏顺平 严静 侯文婷 王永琦 Shunping WEI;Jing YAN;Wenting HOU;Yongqi WANG(School of Education,Minzu University of China,Beijing 100081;Center for Education Management Information of the Ministry of Education,P.R.China,Beijing 100816)

机构地区：[1]中央民族大学教育学院,北京100081 [2]教育部教育管理信息中心,北京100816

出　　处：《中国教育信息化》2025年第3期63-73,共11页Chinese Journal of ICT in Education

基　　金：中国教育技术协会网络安全专业委员会2022年度教育网络安全研究课题“民族地区高校大学生网络安全素养现状调查及提升策略研究”(编号:22WLAQ009)。

摘　　要：在总体国家安全观下,国家网络安全是重要组成部分。大学生是国家未来建设的主力军,加强高校网络安全教育事关国家网络安全防线,事关国家意识形态安全,事关高校立德树人根本任务,具有重要意义。基于以往文献阅读,梳理以往关于大学生网络安全素养研究方面的成果,详细梳理近五年关于大学生网络安全素养相关的调查研究。在此基础上,以网络安全意识、网络安全知识、网络安全技能、网络安全法律法规及伦理道德四个方面为一级指标构建调查问卷。在全国范围内选取12所高校,调查当下大学生网络安全素养的实然状态:高校在校生的网络安全素养水平整体情况一般,在性别、学校地域、专业门类、接触网络起始时间、学历、年龄等方面存在差异。基于调查结果,从健全网络安全制度、优化网络安全课程、营造网络安全教育氛围、重视资源开发和利用、升级网络安全素养评价体系等多维度提出策略建议,助力大学生网络安全素养水平的全面提升。Under the overall national security framework,national cyber security is an important component,and college students are the main force of the country’s future development.Strengthening cyber security education in universities is of great significance to the national cyber security defense line,national ideological security,and the fundamental task of cultivating morality and talents in universities.Based on previous literature review,this paper reviews the research achievements on the network security literacy of college students,and provides a detailed analysis of the relevant surveys and research on the network security literacy of college students in the past five years.On this basis,a survey questionnaire is designed around four primary indicators:network security awareness,network security knowledge,network security skills,network security laws and regulations,and ethics and morality.This study surveyed 12 universities nationwide to investigate the current status of college students’network security literacy-the overall level of network security literacy among college students is generally average,and there are differences in the level of network security literacy among college students in terms of gender,school region,major category,contact time with the internet,education level,age,and other aspects.Based on the survey results,several strategies are proposed from multiple dimensions,including improving the network security system,optimizing network security courses,creating a network security education atmosphere,emphasizing resource development and utilization,and upgrading the network security literacy evaluation system,to help comprehensively improve the network security literacy level of college students.

关 键 词：大学生 网络安全 网络安全素养 网络安全教育 网络安全意识 

分 类 号：G645[文化科学—高等教育学]