施氮水平对两个老芒麦品种(系)种子产量的影响  

Influence of Nitrogen Application Levels on the Seed Yield of Two Elymus sibiricus Varieties

作　　者：唐凤 李露红 张树振[1] 熊洁 安有萍 王学瑞 龙润洲 朱昊[3] 靳瑰丽[1] TANG Feng;LI Lu-hong;ZHANG Shu-zhen;XIONG Jie;AN You-ping;WANG Xue-rui;LONG Run-zhou;ZHU Hao;JIN Gui-li(Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Grassland Resources and Ecology/College of Grassland Sciences,Xinjiang Agricultural University,Urumqi 830052,China;Nanhu Sub-district Office of Pu’an County People’s Government,Guizhou Province,Pu’an 561500,China;Grassland Research Institute of Xinjiang Academy of Animal Sciences,Urumqi 830011,China)

机构地区：[1]新疆农业大学草业学院,西部干旱荒漠区草地资源与生态教育部重点实验室,乌鲁木齐830052 [2]贵州省普安县人民政府南湖街道办事处,普安561500 [3]新疆畜牧科学院草业研究所,乌鲁木齐830011

出　　处：《新疆农业大学学报》2024年第2期113-120,共8页Journal of Xinjiang Agricultural University

基　　金：国家牧草产业技术体系项目(CARS34);新疆维吾尔自治区重点研发计划项目(2023B02031);青藏高原种质资源研究与利用实验室开放课题(2023-SYS-05);新疆维吾尔自治区自然科学基金项目(2024D01A42)。

摘　　要：为探究氮素对老芒麦产量构成因子和种子产量的影响,在大田试验条件下以老芒麦新品系DJ-01和同德老芒麦为试验材料,通过设置0 kg/hm^(2)、30 kg/hm^(2)、60 kg/hm^(2)、90 kg/hm^(2)、120 kg/hm^(2)5个施氮处理,研究不同施氮量对老芒麦产量构成因子和种子产量的影响。结果表明,随着施氮量的增加,DJ-01株高、有效生殖枝数、每小穗小花数先增加后降低,60 kg/hm^(2)处理株高和有效生殖枝数与0 kg/hm^(2)、30 kg/hm^(2)、90 kg/hm^(2)、120 kg/hm^(2)处理相比显著增加(P<0.05),90 kg/hm^(2)处理每小穗小花数与0 kg/hm^(2)、30 kg/hm^(2)、60 kg/hm^(2)、120 kg/hm^(2)处理相比显著增加(P<0.05);单株种子数和千粒重逐渐增加,120 kg/hm^(2)处理单株种子数、千粒重与0 kg/hm^(2)、30 kg/hm^(2)、60 kg/hm^(2)、90 kg/hm^(2)处理相比显著增加(P<0.05);随着施氮量的增加,同德分蘖数、有效生殖枝数、每生殖枝小穗数、每小穗小花数、千粒重呈先增加后降低趋势,60 kg/hm^(2)处理分蘖数、有效生殖枝数、每生殖枝小穗数、每小穗小花数与0 kg/hm^(2)、30 kg/hm^(2)、90 kg/hm^(2)、120 kg/hm^(2)处理相比显著增加(P<0.05);90 kg/hm^(2)处理千粒重与0 kg/hm^(2)、30 kg/hm^(2)、60 kg/hm^(2)、120 kg/hm^(2)处理相比显著增加(P<0.05)。随施氮量的增加DJ-01种子产量显著增加,120 kg/hm^(2)处理种子产量与0 kg/hm^(2)、30 kg/hm^(2)、60 kg/hm^(2)、90 kg/hm^(2)处理相比显著增加,为739.94 kg/hm^(2)(P<0.05),同德种子产量随施氮量的增加呈先增加后降低的趋势,60 kg/hm^(2)处理种子产量与0 kg/hm^(2)、30 kg/hm^(2)、90 kg/hm^(2)、120 kg/hm^(2)处理相比显著增加,为426.13 kg/hm^(2)(P<0.05)。品种(系)、施氮水平及其交互作用对老芒麦单株种子数和种子产量均会产生显著影响。与同德比,DJ-01更适宜制种,适宜氮肥用量为120 kg/hm^(2)。In order to explore the influence of nitrogen on the yield components and seed yield of Elymus sibiricus,a field experiment was conducted using two new Elymus sibiricus varieties,DJ-01 and Tongde.Five nitrogen application rates of 0 kg/hm^(2),30 kg/hm^(2),60 kg/hm^(2),90 kg/hm^(2),and 120 kg/hm^(2)were set to study the effects of different nitrogen application rates on the yield components and seed yield of Elymus sibiricus.The results show that:With the increase of nitrogen application rate,the plant height,the number of effective reproductive tillers and the number of florets per spikelet of the new variety of Elymus sibiricus DJ-01 first increased and then decreased.Under the nitrogen application rate of 60 kg/hm^(2),the plant height and the number of effective reproductive tillers were significantly increased(P<0.05)compared with 0 kg/hm^(2),30 kg/hm^(2),90 kg/hm^(2)and 120 kg/hm^(2)nitrogen application rates,reaching 97.62 cm and 555.55 tillers/m^(2)respectively.Under the nitrogen application rate of 90 kg/hm^(2),the number of florets per spikelet was significantly increased(P<0.05)compared with 0 kg/hm^(2),30 kg/hm^(2),60 kg/hm^(2)and 120 kg/hm^(2)nitrogen application rates.The number of seeds per plant and the thousand-grain weight gradually increased.Under the nitrogen application rate of 120 kg/hm^(2),the number of seeds per plant and the thousand-grain weight were significantly higher(P<0.05)than those under 0 kg/hm^(2),30 kg/hm^(2),60 kg/hm^(2),and 90 kg/hm^(2)nitrogen application rates.With the increase of nitrogen application rate,the tiller number,effective reproductive tiller number,spikelet number per reproductive tiller,floret number per spikelet and 1000-grain weight of Tongde Elymus sibiricus first increased and then decreased.Under the 60 kg/hm^(2)nitrogen application treatment,the tiller number,effective reproductive tiller number,spikelet number per reproductive tiller and floret number per spikelet were significantly increased(P<0.05)compared with 0 kg/hm^(2),30 kg/hm^(2),90 kg/hm^(2)and 12

关 键 词：老芒麦 施氮水平 产量构成因子 种子产量 

分 类 号：S543.9[农业科学—作物学]