地膜覆盖对马铃薯甲虫种群及天敌的影响  

Effects of Plastic Film Mulching on Colorado Potato Beetle Population and Natural Enemies

作　　者：张杰波 胡杨 张毅 何冰玉 马辰翰 李超[1] ZHANG Jie-bo;HU Yang;ZHANG Yi;HE Bing-yu;MA Chen-han;LI Chao(Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Invasive Alien Species in Agriculture&Forestry of the North-western Desert Oasis,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,College of Agriculture,Xinjiang Agricultural University,Urumqi 830052,China)

机构地区：[1]新疆农业大学农学院,农业农村部西北荒漠绿洲农林外来入侵生物防控重点实验室,乌鲁木齐830052

出　　处：《新疆农业大学学报》2024年第2期145-149,共5页Journal of Xinjiang Agricultural University

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2021YFD1400200);新疆维吾尔自治区天山英才计划项目(2021282)。

摘　　要：为明确覆膜种植对马铃薯甲虫(Leptinotarsa decemlineata)及其天敌种群的影响,在新疆阜康市调查了覆膜与未覆膜马铃薯田块中马铃薯甲虫成虫和幼虫的种群数量及捕食性天敌种群种类及数量,分析了不同种植模式下马铃薯甲虫、天敌昆虫及中性昆虫的差异。结果表明,与未覆膜模式相比,覆膜种植的马铃薯甲虫总虫量、成虫和幼虫数量分别降低了215.45、98.06、117.39头/百株(P<0.05),蛹数量在7月16日、8月13日分别降低0.93、2.80个(P<0.05),但两种种植模式下的天敌昆虫和中性昆虫的种类及种群数量差异并不明显。研究表明,覆膜种植能有效抑制马铃薯甲虫越冬代成虫的出土、老熟幼虫的入土化蛹和羽化后出土,但不能增加天敌昆虫和中性昆虫的种类和数量。In order to understand the effects of plastic film mulching on the population of Colorado potato beetle(Leptinotarsa decemlineata)and its natural enemies,this project aims to investigate the population of adult and larvae of Colorado potato beetle and the species and number of natural predators in potato fields with and without plastic film mulching in Fukang City,Xinjiang.During the whole process,the differences of Colorado potato beetles,natural enemies and neutral insects under different planting patterns were analyzed.The results showed that compared with the non-mulching model,the total number of Colorado potato beetles,adults and larvae in the mulching model decreased by 215.45,98.06 and 117.39 Colorado potato beetles per 100 plants,respectively(P<0.05)and the number of pupae in the mulching model decreased by 0.93 and 2.80 on July 16 and August 13,respectively(P<0.05).However,there was no significant difference in the species and population of natural enemies and neutral insects between the two planting patterns.Our findings showed that mulching could effectively inhibit the emergence of overwintering adults of Colorado potato beetles and the emergence of old larvae after pupation and emergence,but could not increase the species and number of natural enemies and neutral insects.

关 键 词：马铃薯甲虫 种群动态 覆膜种植 生态调控 

分 类 号：S435.32[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]