某综合医院2021-2023年工作人员血源性职业暴露监测分析及防护对策  

Monitoring Analysis and Protective Countermeasures of Blood-borne Occupational Exposure of Staff in A General Hospital from 2021 to 2023

作　　者：刘丽君 刘洋 郑文萍 林楚楚 LIU Lijun;LIU Yang;ZHENG Wenping;LIN Chuchu(Department of Preventive Health Care and Hospital Infection Management,Shenzhen People's Hospital(First Affiliated Hospital of Southern University of Science and Technology),Shenzhen 518020,Guangdong,China)

机构地区：[1]深圳市人民医院(南方科技大学第一附属医院)预防保健与医院感染管理部,广东深圳518020

出　　处：《中国卫生产业》2024年第24期230-232,256,共4页China Health Industry

摘　　要：目的 分析各个工种、不同科室的职业暴露类型,找出存在的问题并有针对性的解决,从而降低职业暴露发生。方法 回顾性选取2021年1月-2023年12月某综合医院的311名工作人员血源性职业暴露的临床资料,其中2021年110名,2022年104名,2023年97名。对血源性职业暴露的职业分布、暴露源、暴露场所、环节工作人员构成等进行记录和观察。结果 2021-2023年工作人员职业暴露人数逐渐减少。2021-2023年不同暴露场所中外科占比较大(25.08%),其次是内科(16.72%);环节暴露中操作失误占比较大(40.51%),其次是手术中操作失误(18.97%)。根据2021-2023年暴露源分析可知,工作人员职业暴露于HBV的概率最大(31.51%),其次是梅毒(8.68%)。结论 医院针对不同工作类别发生锐器伤的人员进行职业暴露防范知识培训,职业暴露的高危人群应提高工作人员对于高危职业暴露源安全防范意识,可以在一定程度上减少血源性职业暴露的发生概率。Objective To analyze the types of occupational exposure in different types of work and different depart-ments,find out the existing problems and solve them in a targeted manner,so as to reduce the occurrence of occupa-tional exposure.Methods The clinical data of 311 staff with blood-borne occupational exposure in a general hospital from January 2021 to December 2023 were retrospectively selected,including 110 in 2021,104 in 2022 and 97 in 2023.The occupational distribution,exposure source,exposure place and staff composition of blood-borne occupational exposure were recorded and observed.Results From 2021 to 2023,the number of occupational exposures of staff gradually decreased.From 2021 to 2023,surgery accounted for the largest proportion of different exposure sites(25.08%),followed by internal medicine(16.72%);operation errors accounted for a large proportion(40.51%)in link exposure,followed by operation errors(18.97%).According to the analysis of exposure sources from 2021 to 2023,the probability of occupational exposure to HBV was the highest(31.51%),followed by syphilis(8.68%).Conclusion The hospital carries out occupational exposure prevention knowledge training for personnel with sharp instrument injuries in different job categories.The high-risk groups of occupational exposure should improve the staff's awareness of safety prevention of high-risk occupational exposure sources.

关 键 词：血源性 职业暴露 监测 防护对策 

分 类 号：R197.32[医药卫生—卫生事业管理]