江西稻茬油菜的高产性评价  

High-yield Evaluation of Rapeseed in Rice Stubble Field in Jiangxi Province

作　　者：郑潇潇 张炳超 王雨文 钟石生 欧阳卫卫 吴杰 李书宇[1] 丁戈[1] 宋来强[1] 陈伦林[1] 熊洁[1] ZHENG Xiao-xiao;ZHANG Bing-chao;WANG Yu-wen;ZHONG Shi-sheng;OUYANG Wei-wei;WU Jie;LI Shu-yu;DING Ge;SONG Lai-qiang;CHEN Lun-lin;XIONG Jie(Crops Research Institute,Jiangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Nanchang Branch of National Center of Oilcrops Improvement/Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System for the Middle and Lower Reaches of the Yangtze River,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Oilcrops Biology,Nanchang 330200,China;Ningdu Agricultural Technology Extension Center,Ningdu 342800,China;Ganzhou Institute of Agricultural Sciences,Ganzhou 341000,China;Jiujiang Agricultural Technology Extension Center,Jiujiang 332000,China)

机构地区：[1]江西省农业科学院作物研究所/国家油料改良中心南昌分中心/农业农村部长江中下游作物生理生态与耕作重点实验室/江西省油料作物生物学重点实验室,江西南昌330200 [2]宁都县农业技术推广中心,江西宁都342800 [3]赣州市农业科学研究所,江西赣州341000 [4]九江市农业技术推广中心,江西九江332000

出　　处：《江西农业学报》2025年第3期1-8,共8页Acta Agriculturae Jiangxi

基　　金：江西省农业科学院基础研究与人才培养专项(JXSNKYJCRC202212);江西省重点研发计划(20223BBF61002);江西现代农业科研协同创新专项(JXXTCXFY202401、JXXTKYTJTS202501);国家油菜产业技术体系(CARS-12-17)。

摘　　要：为促进江西省油菜品种更新换代和单产提升,开展高产稳产强优势杂交油菜新品种筛选研究,明确影响油菜高产的关键指标。于2022—2024年在江西省九江、进贤、高安、宁都、赣州等地进行了品种鉴定试验,以赣油杂8号为对照,对赣油杂10号、X22-04等19个油菜品种进行了高产、稳产评价,系统分析了不同油菜品种生育期特性、产量构成要素及农艺性状指标的差异,并筛选出影响油菜高产的关键指标。结果表明:亚美油1号和赣油杂10号在生育期稳定性、高产稳产性方面表现突出。系统聚类分析将15个品种划分为高产稳产型、高产不稳产型、中间型、低产稳产型,其中高产类型品种兼具高角粒重与每角粒数特征。灰色关联度及相关性分析显示,角粒重是影响油菜高产性的关键指标。综上,亚美油1号与赣油杂10号在江西地区表现出明显的高产稳产特性,角粒重是影响油菜高产的关键指标。In order to promote the renewal of rapeseed varieties and the increase of yield per unit area in Jiangxi Province,it is urgent to carry out the research on the screening of new hybrid rapeseed varieties with high yield,stable yield and strong superiority,and identify the key index that affects the high yield of rapeseed.Variety identification tests were conducted in Gao’an,Jiujiang,Ningdu,Jinxian and Ganzhou from 2022 to 2024.Ganyuza 8 was used as the control to evaluate high yield and stable yield of 19 rapeseed varieties,including Ganyuza 10 and X22-04,systematically analyze the differences in growth period,yield and plant type indexes among different rapeseed varieties,and explore the key indicators affecting the high yield of rapeseed.The results showed that Yameyou 1 and Ganyuza 10 not only had better growth period stability,but also had the best comprehensive performance in terms of high yield and stable yield.Clustering analysis was used to divide 15 varieties into four groups:high yield and stable yield,high but unstable yield,intermediate type,and low but stable yield.The characteristics of high-yield varieties included high seed weight per silique and high seed number per silique.Grey relational analysis and correlation analysis show that the seed weight per silique is the key index that influences the high yield of rapeseed.In conclusion,Yameyou 1 and Ganyuza 10 are the best rapeseed varieties to plant in Jiangxi region with high and stable yields,and the seed weight per silique is the key index affecting high yield of rapeseed.

关 键 词：甘蓝型油菜 高产性 灰色关联分析 变异系数 角粒重 

分 类 号：S565.4[农业科学—作物学]