洱海流域干湿交替灌溉对水稻生长及产质量的影响  

Effect of Alternate Wetting and Drying Irrigation on Rice Growth,Yield and Quality in Erhai Lake Basin

作　　者：涂国青 赵正雄 吴加香[4] 张一晨 徐玖亮 TU Guo-qing;ZHAO Zheng-xiong;WU Jia-xiang;ZHANG Yi-chen;XU Jiu-liang(Institute of International Rivers and Eco-security,Yunnan University,Kunming 650500,China;Erhai Basin Academy of Agricultural Green Development Research,Dali 671000,China;College of Resources and Environment,Yunnan Agricultural University,Kunming 650500,China;Research and Development Center of Yunnan Yuntianhua Co.,Ltd.,Kunming 650500,China;College of Resources and Environmental Sciences,China Agricultural University,Beijing 100080,China)

机构地区：[1]云南大学国际河流与生态安全研究院,云南昆明650500 [2]洱海流域农业绿色发展研究院,云南大理671000 [3]云南农业大学资源与环境学院,云南昆明650500 [4]云南云天化股份有限公司研发中心,云南昆明650500 [5]中国农业大学资源与环境学院,北京100080

出　　处：《江西农业学报》2025年第3期15-23,共9页Acta Agriculturae Jiangxi

基　　金：云南现代农业绿色关键技术创新与平台建设(202102AE090053)。

摘　　要：以云粳37为研究对象,设置了常规灌溉(CI)、轻度干湿交替(AWD)、重干湿交替Ⅰ(WSD-Ⅰ)和重干湿交替Ⅱ(WSD-Ⅱ)4种灌溉模式,分析了不同灌溉模式对水稻的生长及其产质量的影响。结果表明:与CI处理相比,AWD处理的产量提高了6.9%,而WSD-Ⅰ、WSD-Ⅱ处理分别减少了1.0%、4.0%;AWD处理的直链淀粉含量下降了0.25个百分点,WSD-Ⅰ、WSD-Ⅱ处理均提高了0.60个百分点;AWD、WSD-Ⅰ、WSD-Ⅱ处理的稻米Cd含量分别降低了2.70%、5.41%、5.41%,并提高了稻米Ca、Se、K含量;与CI处理相比,干湿交替处理的土壤温度提高了1~2℃,且AWD、WSD-Ⅰ、WSD-Ⅱ处理根系的表面积、体积均显著提高;AWD处理的氮平衡、叶绿素、花青素指数均较CI处理提高;CI处理的总干物质重较AWD处理下降了18.03%。综上,干湿交替灌溉模式能够有效促进洱海地区水稻的生长,并提高水稻的产质量。Yungeng 37 was used as the research object,and four irrigation modes,namely conventional irrigation(CI),mild alternate wetting and drying(AWD),severe drying-wetting alternation I(WSD-Ⅰ),and severe drying-wetting alternationⅡ(WSD-Ⅱ)were set up to analyze the effects of different irrigation modes on the growth,yield and quality of rice.The results showed that compared with CI,AWD increased grain yield by 6.9%,whereas WSD-Ⅰand WSD-Ⅱreduced yields by 1.0%and 4.0%,respectively.AWD decreased amylose content by 0.25 percentage points,while WSD-I and WSD-Ⅱelevated it by 0.60 percentage points.AWD,WSD-Ⅰand WSD-Ⅱsignificantly reduced cadmium(Cd)content in grains by 2.70%,5.41%and 5.41%,respectively,and enhanced calcium(Ca),selenium(Se),and potassium(K)content.Soil temperature under AWD/WSD modes increased by 1~2℃compared to CI,and root surface area,volume under AWD,WSD-Ⅰand WSD-Ⅱtreatments were significantly increased.Nitrogen balance index,chlorophyll content and anthocyanin index under AWD were higher than those under CI.Additionally,total dry matter weight under CI was 18.03%lower than that under AWD.In conclusion,alternate wetting and drying irrigation mode can effectively promote rice growth,and increase yield and quality of rice in Erhai Lake Basin.

关 键 词：水稻 干湿交替 洱海流域 生长性状 产量 品质 

分 类 号：S274[农业科学—农业水土工程]