基于人工免疫算法的电子集成电路故障自动诊断研究  

Research on Automatic Diagnosis of Electronic Integrated Circuit Fault Based on Artificial Immune Algorithm

作　　者：巩雯雯 GONG Wenwen(Yantai Vocational College of Culture and Tourism,Yantai,Shandong 264003,China)

机构地区：[1]烟台文化旅游职业学院,山东烟台264003

出　　处：《自动化应用》2025年第6期162-164,共3页Automation Application

摘　　要：由于电子集成电路结构的多样性和元件参数的离散性,电路故障诊断识别率较低,故提出了一种基于人工免疫算法的电子集成电路故障自动诊断方法。通过高精度模数转换器采集电子集成电路信号,并结合傅里叶变换、频率响应调整及固有时间尺度分解技术,对信号进行预处理。采用小波变换提取电子集成电路故障信号的时频特征,并结合小波阈值去噪技术和峭度评估,对关键故障特征信号进行筛选和重构。基于故障信号特征,运用人工免疫算法模拟生物免疫机制,以动态调整抗体克隆与变异,从而实现对电子集成电路故障的高效自动诊断。实验表明,该方法在不同电子集成电路故障中的诊断识别率均符合设计标准,具有一定的实际应用价值。Due to the diversity of electronic integrated circuit structures and the discreteness of component parameters,the recognition rate of circuit fault diagnosis is relatively low.Therefore,an automatic fault diagnosis method for electronic integrated circuits based on the artificial immune algorithm is proposed.High-precision analog-to-digital converters are utilized to acquire signals from electronic integrated circuits,and these signals are preprocessed using Fourier transform,frequency response adjustment,and intrinsic time-scale decomposition techniques.Wavelet transform is employed to extract timefrequency features of fault signals in electronic integrated circuits,and key fault feature signals are screened and reconstructed through wavelet threshold denoising and kurtosis evaluation.Based on the fault signal features,the artificial immune algorithm simulates the biological immune mechanism to dynamically adjust antibody clonal variation,thereby achieving efficient automatic diagnosis of faults in electronic integrated circuits.Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed method meets the design standards in terms of diagnostic recognition rates for various faults in electronic integrated circuits,indicating its practical application value.

关 键 词：人工免疫算法 模数转换器 电子集成电路 故障信号 自动诊断 克隆变异 

分 类 号：TN40[电子电信—微电子学与固体电子学]