秋播和磷酸二铵对紫花苜蓿产量和品质的影响  

Effects of Autumn Sowing and Different Rates of Diammonium Hydrogen Phosphate on the Yield and Quality of Alfalfa

作　　者：王旗旗 解继红[1] 孙震 蔡婷 苑峰 刘亚玲 李杰 王运涛 WANG Qiqi;XIE Jihong;SUN Zhen;CAI Ting;YUAN Feng;LIU Yaling;LI Jie;WANG Yuntao(Grassland Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Hohhot 010010,China;Inner Mongolia Pratacultural Technology Innovation Center(IMPTIC),Hohhot 010030,China;National Center of Pratacultural Technology Innovation(under preparation),Hohhot 010030,China;College of Grassland,Qingdao Agricultural University,Qingdao 266109,China;Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region Agriculture and Animal Husbandry Technology Extension Center,Hohhot 010010,China;College of Grassland,Inner Mongolia Agricultural University,Hohhot 010011,China)

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院草原研究所,内蒙古呼和浩特010010 [2]内蒙古草业技术创新中心有限公司,内蒙古呼和浩特010030 [3]国家草业技术创新中心(筹),内蒙古呼和浩特010030 [4]青岛农业大学草业学院,山东青岛266109 [5]内蒙古自治区农牧业技术推广中心,内蒙古呼和浩特010010 [6]内蒙古农业大学草业学院,内蒙古呼和浩特010011

出　　处：《中国草地学报》2025年第3期65-73,共9页Chinese Journal of Grassland

基　　金：内蒙古自治区“揭榜挂帅”项目(2022JBGS00160403);呼和浩特市“揭榜挂帅”项目(2024-揭榜挂帅-农-2-1-2-2);国家草业技术创新中心(筹)重大创新平台建设专项(CCPTZX2023B04-1-2);科技创新2030—重大项目(2022ZD0401202);呼和浩特市科技计划项目重大科技专项(2021-重-社-2)。

摘　　要：为探究不同秋播播期和磷酸二铵施量对内蒙古呼和浩特地区紫花苜蓿产量和品质的影响,本研究以中草3号紫花苜蓿为试验材料,在2021年设置3个秋播时期(7月31日、8月8日、8月16日)和5个磷酸二铵施量(0、40、70、100、130 kg/hm2)处理,比较不同播期和施肥量下紫花苜蓿草产量、粗蛋白、粗脂肪、酸性洗涤纤维、中性洗涤纤维、粗灰分、相对饲喂价值的变化。结果表明:随着播期的延迟紫花苜蓿草产量逐渐降低,品质逐渐提高,但在延迟秋播播期的同时施加一定量的磷酸二铵可以提高紫花苜蓿草产量,改善紫花苜蓿干草品质。其中,8月8日播种并配施100 kg/hm2磷酸二铵在呼和浩特地区能得到品质较好且产量较高的苜蓿干草。This study investigated the effects of varying autumn sowing dates and diammonium hydrogen phosphate(DAP)application rates on the yield and quality of Medicago sativa L.‘Zhongcao No.3’in Hohhot.An experiment was conducted in 2021 with three autumn sowing dates:July 31(T1),August 8(T2),and August 16(T3),combined with five DAP application rates:0 kg/hm2(CK),40 kg/hm2(P1),70 kg/hm2(P2),100 kg/hm2(P3),and 130 kg/hm2(P4).Annual yield,crude protein,crude fat,acid detergent fiber(ADF),neutral detergent fiber(NDF),crude ash,and relative feed value(RFV)were measured and compared across the different sowing dates and fertilization treatments.The results showed that delaying the autumn sowing date generally led to a decrease in alfalfa yield and an improvement in forage quality.However,the application of an appropriate amount of DAP fertilizer in conjunction with delayed autumn sowing could mitigate the yield of alfalfa and further enhance alfalfa quality.Under the condition of this study in Hohhot,alfalfa sown on August 8 with a DAP application rate of 100 kg/hm2 achieved a favorable combination of high yield and good quality.

关 键 词：紫花苜蓿 秋播 磷酸二铵 产量 品质 

分 类 号：S541.1[农业科学—作物学]