燕麦穗腐病病原菌鉴定及生物学特性分析  

Identification and Biological Characteristics Analysis of the Pathogen Causing Spikelet Rot of Oat

作　　者：贾瑞芳 王娜 王乐 陈正强 林克剑 张园园 JIA Ruifang;WANG Na;WANG Le;CHEN Zhengqiang;LIN Kejian;ZHANG Yuanyuan(Key Laboratory of Artificial Grassland Biohazard Monitoring and Green Prevention and Control,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Institute of Grassland Research,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Hohhot 010010,China)

机构地区：[1]农业农村部人工草地生物灾害监测与绿色防控重点实验室/中国农业科学院草原研究所,内蒙古呼和浩特010010

出　　处：《中国草地学报》2025年第3期94-102,共9页Chinese Journal of Grassland

基　　金：国家重点研发计划“栽培草地病虫草害发生与为害机理及绿色综合防控技术”(2022YFD1300802);中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项(1610332022003);内蒙古自治区自然科学基金项目(2024QN03080)。

摘　　要：为明确青海省西宁市贵德县和甘肃省张掖市山丹县燕麦穗腐病病原菌种类及其生物学特性,本研究采用常规组织分离法分离病原菌,用平板稀释法单孢纯化分离物,根据柯赫氏法则,结合形态学与分子生物学技术将58株分离物鉴定为禾生指葡孢霉(Dactylobotrys graminicola)。生物学特性分析表明,禾生指葡孢霉菌丝生长的温度范围在10~30℃,最适生长和产孢的温度为15℃,pH值对菌丝生长影响不显著,碱性环境更适合菌株产孢,全黑暗条件对禾生指葡孢霉的生长和产孢有明显的促进作用。禾生指葡孢霉能够利用多种碳源和氮源,最适菌丝生长和产孢的碳源和氮源分别为肌醇和氯化铵。本研究结果可为燕麦穗腐病的诊断及科学防治提供理论基础。To clarify the pathogen species and their biological characteristics of oat spikelet rot in Guide county,Xining city,Qinghai province and Shandan county,Zhangye city,Gansu province,this study employed conventional tissue isolation methods to isolate pathogens,and used plate dilution method for single spore purification of isolates.According to Koch′s postulates,combined with morphological and molecular biology techniques,58 isolates were identified as Dactylobotrys graminicola.The results of biological characteristic analysis showed that the temperature range of mycelial growth of D.graminicola was 10-30℃,with the optimal temperature for growth and sporulation being 15℃.pH value had no significant effect on mycelial growth,and alkaline environment was more suitable for spore production.Complete darkness signicantly promoted the growth and sporulation of D.graminicola.D.graminicola could utilize various carbon and nitrogen sources,with inositol and ammonium chloride being the most suitable for the mycelial growth and sporulation,respectively.The results of this study provide a theoretical basis for the diagnosis and scientific prevention and control of oat spikelet rot.

关 键 词：燕麦 禾生指葡孢霉 分离 鉴定 生物学特性 

分 类 号：S435.126[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]